承力索锚结线夹绞线区域损伤的超声导波监测  

Ultrasonic-Guided Wave Monitoring for Strands Damage in Anchor Clamp Zone of Messenger Wire

作　　者：洪晓斌[1] 何永奎 周建熹 黄国健 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广东广州510640 [2]广州市机电特种设备检测研究院,广东广州510663

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第5期1-8,共8页Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51305141);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2014A030313248);广州市科技计划项目(2017010160646;201607010171)~~

摘　　要：针对电气化铁路承力索锚结线夹绞线区域损伤难以准确监测的问题,研制了面向承力索锚结线夹绞线区域损伤的传感器来实现损伤的超声导波监测.首先针对铜镁合金承力索绞线的结构特点及超声导波的传播特点,设计了承力索单线导波引导针,并以导波引导针为核心构建了独立弹性导波激励接收单元;然后基于承力索外层结构完成包含12个导波激励接收单元的环形导波检测模块;最后集成独立晶片控制电路与包覆保护操作手柄,形成新型超声导波传感器,结合脉冲反射法和小波降噪法对承力索锚结线夹绞线区域的结构损伤进行检测并判定.19芯铜镁合金承力索锚结线夹绞线区域的单线预设损伤检测实验结果表明,当传感器间距为0.1 m、传感器与锚结线夹中心间距为0.4 m时,经小波降噪后的损伤回波峰值与损伤深度呈正相关,判别平均相对误差为3.16%,平均误差长度为0.025 m,小于锚结线夹长度0.055 m,说明所研制的传感器及相应的监测方法可实现承力索锚结线夹绞线区域最外层单线的损伤判别.文中研究为电气化铁路接触网承力索锚结线夹结构的及时补强更换提供了有效的判定依据.In order to overcome the difficulties in accurate monitoring of strands damage in the anchor clamp region of messenger wires in electrified railway, a new ultrasonic-guided wave transducer for damage monitoring is deve-loped. In the investigation, first, a guided-wave guiding pin for the single wire of messenger wires is designed ac-cording to the specific structure of strands and the ultrasonic-guided wave propagation rule in Cu-Mg alloy messen-ger wires. Next, an independent elastic guided-wave emission-receiving unit is established with the guided-wave guiding pin at the core. Then, in consideration of outer layer structure of the messenger wire, an annular guided- wave detection module, which contains 12 emission-receiving units, is developed, and a new ultrasonic-guided wave transducer is formed by integrating an independent crystal control circuit with a covering/protecting handle. After that, a monitoring method for single-wire structural damage of messenger wires combined with the pulse echo detection and the specific wavelet de-noising is demonstrated. Finally, a series of detection experiments on single- wire artificial structural damage of 19-filament Cu-Mg alloy messenger wires are carried out. The results indicate that,when the distance between two transducers is 0. 1 m and when the distance between the receiving transducer and the anchor clamp center is 0. 4 m, there is a positive correlation between the amplitude of wavelet-denoised damage echo and the damage depth, with an average relative error of 3. 16% and a length recognition error of 0. 025 m （less than the length of anchor clamp, namely 0. 055 m） , which means that the new transducer and the corresponding monitoring method help successfully achieve an ideal recognition of outer single-wire structural da-mage of an anchor clamp covering messenger wire. This research provides an effectivejudgement for the strengthening and replacing of damaged messenger wires in electrified railway.

关 键 词：承力索 传感器 超声导波 锚结线夹 电气化铁路 损伤监测 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TH878[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]