典型背景区大气颗粒物中元素粒径分布特征  

Size Distributions of Elements in Atmospheric Particulates of the Typical Background Region

作　　者：王申博[1] 余飞[1] 燕启社[1] 王群[1] 姜楠[1] 尹沙沙[1] 张瑞芹[1] WANG Shenbo YU Fei YAN Qishe WANG Qun JIANG Nan YIN Shasha ZHANG Ruiqin(College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化学与分子工程学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2017年第6期133-140,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：环境保护部公益项目(201409010)

摘　　要：为探究背景区域大气颗粒物中金属元素污染特征,该研究利用四级颗粒物撞击式采样器(<1μm、1~2.5μm、2.5~10μm和10~18μm)于2014年冬季在郑州市中牟县郊区采集颗粒物样品。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)分析23种元素的浓度,并利用富集因子法(EF)和主成分分析法(PCA)解析颗粒物中元素来源。结果表明,该区域金属元素浓度高于上海和北京,且不同元素粒径分布具有差异性。金属Se、Cd、Ag、Sb、Pb、Sn、Zn、Cr、Cu和As受明显的人为源影响,Ca、Sr、Ba、Be、Mn、Mg、K、V、Fe、Al和Ti主要来自自然源。该区域大气中元素的主要来源有地壳源、燃煤源、机动车排放源、冶金化工排放源、垃圾焚烧排放源和建筑扬尘排放源。此研究成果可以为政府制定污染防治方案提供科学依据。In order to investigate the characteristics of metal elements in atmospheric particulates of rural area, the samples were collected using a four-stage cascade impactor （〈1 μm, 1-2.5μm, 2.5-10 μm, 10-18μm） in Zhongmu County, Henan Province during winter in 2014. The concentrations of 23 elements were analyzed by ICP-MS, and pollution sources of elements were identified by enrichment factor （EF） and principal component analysis （PCA）. The results showed that the metal elements concentrations were higher than Shanghai and Beijing and presented a distinctly variation in different sizes. Se, Cd, Ag, Sb, Pb, Sn, Zn, Cr, Cu and As were significantly influenced by anthropogenic emissions, while Ca, Sr, Ba, Be, Mn, Mg, K, V, Fe, A1 and Ti were mainly from natural sources. The main sources of elements included crust, coal combustion, vehicle emission, industry, incineration and construction dust. The results can help government make efficient policies to air quality.

关 键 词：金属元素 粒径分布 典型背景区 主成分分析 源解析 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]