基于船载走航气溶胶质谱技术的海洋气溶胶研究  

Marine Aerosol Using On-board Aerosol Mass Spectrometry

作　　者：颜金培[1,2] 陈立奇[1,2] 林奇[1,2] 赵淑惠[1,2] 李磊[3] 朱大勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,厦门361005 [2]国家海洋局海洋-大气化学与全球变化重点实验室,厦门361005 [3]暨南大学大气环境安全与污染控制研究所,广州511443

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第7期2629-2636,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2015J05024);国家自然科学基金项目(21106018);国家海洋局公益性行业科研专项(2004DIB5J178);国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项(海三科2014027)

摘　　要：利用船载走航单颗粒气溶胶质谱仪(SPAMS)对东南沿海海洋气溶胶进行在线观测,获得了近岸海区大气气溶胶化学组成分布特性,并对气溶胶谱特征及其来源进行分析.结果表明:从近岸到远海,气溶胶的浓度呈下降趋势;在近岸海区气溶胶主要受港口及码头周边的汽车、船舶及燃煤等工业排放源的影响;随着离陆地距离的增加,海源性气溶胶的比重上升;海洋气溶胶在观测范围内呈单峰分布,峰值粒径在0.5μm左右,大多数颗粒主要集中在0.2~0.8μm的粒径段;近岸气溶胶元素碳谱峰强,正谱图中K^+元素具有很强的谱峰,负离子谱中HSO_4^-谱峰信号明显,但缺少NO_3^-和NO_2^-谱峰信号;远海气溶胶中元素碳的谱峰强度明显降低,正谱图中Na^+的谱峰很强,并出现Mg^+、Ca^+和NaCl^+的谱峰信号;负离子谱出现了明显的海洋生物特征气溶胶甲基磺酸MSA^-、CN^-、O^-和HSO_4^-等的谱峰信息.表明该观测海区的气溶胶组成复杂,同时受陆源排放气溶胶和海源气溶胶的影响.Marine aerosols were measured in real-time by an on-board signal particle aerosol mass spectrometer （SPAMS） over the Southeast China Sea. The chemical compositions and size distribution characteristics of aerosol particles were obtained, and the sources and ion spectra were analyzed. The results showed that particle number concentration decreased with the distance apart from the coastal area. In the coastal area, the aerosol compositions were mainly determined by the emissions of industry, such as vessel, traffic and coal combustion etc. When it was far from the continent, aerosols were mainly affected by the sea sources. Aerosol particles during the observation period disturbed singly with a peak diameter value of 0. 5μm. Most of the particles were in the size range of 0.2 μm to 0.8μm. High signal intensity of EC with high K^＋ intensity in the positive spectrum and HSO4- intensity in negative spectrum was present in the marine aerosol over the coastal area. However, the signals of NO3- and NO2- were absent in the negative spectrum, The signal intensity of EC was weak in the marine aerosol over the sea area far from the coastal area. High signal intensity of Na^＋ and weak Mg^＋, Ca^＋ and NaCl^＋ signals were present in the positive spectrum, while high signal intensity of MSA- , CN- , O- and HSO4- were present in negative spectrum which was considered to be the special ions spectrum of marine biological sources. It indicated that ambient aerosols over the observation area were influenced not only by the anthropogenic emission sources but also affected by the marine aerosol formation.

关 键 词：海洋气溶胶 成分 粒径分布 走航观测 单颗粒气溶胶质谱仪 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]