基于边界存储的地震波场重构及逆时偏移成像应用研究  

Seismic wavefield reconstruction based on boundary storage and application of reverse time migration

作　　者：杨仁虎[1] 凌云 瞿立建 万永革[1] 赵晓燕[1] 高方平[1] 

机构地区：[1]防灾科技学院,三河065201 [2]中石油东方地球物理公司,涿州072751

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2017年第3期1286-1289,共4页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：中国地震局教师科研基金(20150101);中央高校基本科研业务费(ZY20160213);国家自然科学基金(21504014;41674055)联合资助

摘　　要：逆时偏移是基于双程波动理论,没有倾角和横向变速限制,能够解决复杂地质构造成像问题.在逆时偏移成像实现过程中,需要对源波场进行正推和对接收波场进行逆推,由于这两个波场外推方向不一致,需要对其中一个波场(源波场或接收波场)进行存储,这部分存储量很大,是制约逆时偏移成像应用的瓶颈.本文探讨了一种有效的边界存储方法,即先让源波场正推到最大记录时间,在研究区域边界存储所有时刻波场记录,同时记录最大时刻该区域全波场.然后将边界存储波场和最大时刻全波场分别作为边界条件和初始条件,进行波场逆推来重构源波场,这样就解决了源波场与接收波场外推方向不一致的问题,从而可以克服逆时偏移成像存储瓶颈,并将该方法应用到逆时偏移成像.通过简单层状模型和复杂逆掩断层模型试验,并和直接存储方法进行了对比,证明了该方法的有效性.Reverse time migration is based on the two-way wave theory,there is no limitation of the steep dip and strong lateral velocity variation. It can be used to solve the imaging problem of complex geological structures. During the implementation process of reverse time migration,it is necessary that the source wavefield is forward and the receiver wavefield is backforward. Due to the inconsistency of the two wavefield extrapolation direction, one wavefield（ source or receiver wavefield） need to be stored. The storage is too large and becomes the bottle neck of reverse time migration. In this paper,an effective method of boundary storage is discussed,namely,the source wavefield is forward to the maximum recording time, and wavefields all the time are stored at the boundary of the study area. At the same time,the full wavefield at the maximum time is recorded. Then we can reconstruct the source wavefield through the wavefield backward under the condition of using the all storage boundary wavefield and the full wavefield at the maximum time as boundary and initial conditions,respectively. It can solve the extrapolation direction inconsistent problem of the source and receiver wavefield and overcome the storage bottleneck of reverse time migration. Afterwards,the method is applied to the reverse time migration imaging. By using a simple layered model and a complex overthrust fault model,the validity of the method is proved through RTM test and comparing with the direct storage method.

关 键 词：波场重构 边界存储 逆时偏移 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]