面向突发公共卫生事件的社区抗逆力概念内涵的初步分析  

A Preliminary Exploration on the Concept of Community Resilience Confronting with the Public Health Emergency Events

作　　者：庞智洋 宁宁[1,2] 郝艳华[1,2] 吴群红[1,2] 郑彬[1] 胡曼[1] 张久瑞 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院社会医学教研室,黑龙江150081 [2]复旦大学/国民健康社会风险预警协同创新中心

出　　处：《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》2017年第6期501-504,共4页China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（71473065）;国家自然科学基金（71173064）

摘　　要：目的界定符合我国国情的、面向突发公共卫生事件的社区抗逆力的概念，明确其构成要素和评估维度，为开展社区抗逆力建设以及评估提供理论依据。方法基于名义群体法，36位卫生应急管理专家针对4个社区抗逆力相关问题开展讨论，采用提取主旨、文本主题归类的方法进行类属分析，并根据专家投票计数整理。结果社区抗逆力概念内涵中有29次提到了“不利形势或困境”、26次提到了“自我恢复和适应能力”、22次提到了“社区资源”；有35位专家认为社区抗逆力模式为灾害风险威胁发生的前、中、后期的全过程模式；构成要素分别为“物资储备”（14票）、“自救互救能力”（13票）和“基础设施”（10票）；评估维度，分别是“体系制度”（20票）、“基础设施”（12票）以及“经济因素”（12票）。结论通过名义群体技术初步探讨了符合我国国情的、面向突发公共卫生事件的社区抗逆力的理论内涵、模式、构成要素以及评估维度。Objective To identify the definition of community resilience targeting at the public health emergencies in line with China＇s national conditions, and explore the elements and evaluation dimensions, to provide a theoretical basis for the construction and evaluation of community resilience, the study was performed. Methods The nominal group technique was adopted among 36 health emergency management experts to discuss 4 community resilience related issues. Theme extracted through the text analysis and experts vote. Results 29 experts pointed out that the connotation of community resilience was＂ adverse situation or dilemma＂.26 experts hold that was＂ self-recovery and adaptation ability ＂, and 22 experts emphasized the ＂community resources ＂. 35 experts thought that the model of community resilience was a whole process before, during and after the disaster. Elements were ＂reserve＂（14votes）, ＂self-rescue ability＂（13votes） and ＂infrastructure＂（10votes）; The evaluation dimensions were ＂system ＂（20votes）,＂ infrastructure ＂（12votes） and＂ economic factors ＂（12 votes）. Conclusion Through the nominal group technique, the theoretical connotation of community resilience targeting at public health emergencies, corresponding model, elements and evaluation dimensions were preliminary defined suitable for our country.

关 键 词：社区抗逆力 名义群体法 突发公共卫生事件 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]