清末至民国江南水利转型与政治因应——以常熟白茆河为中心  

Water Conservancy Transformation and Political Interactions in the South of the Yangtze River during the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China——a Focus on Baimao River in Changshu

作　　者：陈岭[1] Chen Ling

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史系,博士研究生200433

出　　处：《江苏社会科学》2017年第4期252-263,共12页Jiangsu Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目"近世江南的城乡环境;地域经济与政治变迁研究"(批准号:15JJDZONGHE005)阶段性成果

摘　　要：清末以降,地方水利事业的开展与政治局势之间的关系转复因应。作为多层级地方权力文化网络中的核心,江南地方精英在围绕白茆河的水利事业中随时势转移而彰显出纷繁复杂的态势。地方士绅虽然极力希望借助现代化的外壳,以图在未稳的局势中,实现利益群体的格局转换。但当国家权力官僚化之后,新官僚机构下的政府利益群体开始控制地方公共事业的进程。擅长策论的"治水专家"逐渐被边缘化,取而代之的是拥有高学历和专业知识的水利技术人员。由此,传统士绅主导的地方治水模式演变成政府为主导、民间为辅的模式,国家力量填补了乡绅退却后地方治水权力的空缺,这亦是国家现代化进程中一个不可避免的趋势。Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, local water conservancy and the political situation are closely interacted. As the core of the culture nexus of local authority, in the water conservancy works of Baimao River, local elites changed with complex political situation. Although the local elites tried to get help from modernization to change the pattern of interest groups, after the bureaucracy of the state power, new in- terest groups in the government began to control local public utilities. At the same time, theorists were gradu- ally marginalized and replaced by technicians with high degrees and expertise in water conservancy. There- fore, the mode of water control by local gentry and elites evolved into the mode of domination by the govern- ment. State power filled the gap in local water control, which is an inevitable tendency in a country＇ s modern- ization.

关 键 词：江南 水利转型 政治 白茆河 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]