北京市18～65岁居民高胆固醇血症流行现状与影响因素分析  

Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and influence factors in residents aged 18-65 years in Beijing

作　　者：姜博 马爱娟[1] 李航[1] 方凯[1] 董晶[1] 谢瑾[1] 祁琨[1] 谢晨[1] 周滢[1] 赵越[1] 董忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心慢性病防治所北京市预防医学研究中心,100020

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2017年第7期938-943,共6页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的了解北京市18～65岁居民高胆固醇血症流行病学现状及影响因素，为其相关疾病的防控提供科学依据。方法数据来自2014年北京市成人慢性病与危险因素监测。该监测以多阶段分层整群抽样方法在全市范围抽取调查对象进行问卷调查、身体测量和实验室检查。结果17662例有效样本中，血清胆固醇均值为（4．69±0．95）mmol／L，高胆固醇血症患病率为6．26％，边缘值升高率为21．34％。男性高胆固醇血症患病率为6．33％，女性为6．20％，差异无统计学意义（Z=1．64，P=0．10）；城区居民患病率为6．73％，高于郊区居民的5．59％（Z=-7．27，P〈0．01）。高胆固醇血症患病率随年龄增加呈上升趋势（趋势检验，=308．85，P〈0．01），其中男性（r=81．65，P〈0．01）、女性（r：318．04，P〈0．01）、城区居民（矿=201．77，P〈0．01）、郊区居民（z。=114．65，P〈0．01）均呈相同趋势。多因素logistic回归分析显示，高年龄组、女性（OR=1．23，95％CI：1．04～1．45）、超重（OR=1．56，95％CI：1．34～1．81）、肥胖（OR=1．82，95％CI：1．54—2．16）、每天吸烟（OR=1．24，95％CI：1．03～1．50）、每天饮酒（OR=1．40，95％CI：1．12～1．75）、牛羊肉摄入每周〉1次（0R=1．19，95％CI：1．02～1．39）是高胆固醇血症的危险因素。结论北京市18～65岁居民高胆固醇血症患病率低于全国平均水平，年龄、性别、地区、BMI、吸烟、饮酒、牛羊肉摄入频率为患病的主要影响因素。Objective To understand the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and related risk factors in residents aged 18-65 years in Beijing and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of hypercholesterolemia. Methods The data were collected from Beijing Non-communicable and Chronic Disease Survey and stratified cluster sampling method was used to select study subjects, and questionnaire investigation, physical measurement and laboratory examination were conducted to collect information. Results The prevalence of hypercbolestemlemia and borderline hypercholesterolemia was 6.26% and 21.34% respectively in 17 662 residents surveyed, the average total cholesterol level was （4.69 -4- 0.95） mmol/L. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 6.33% in men and 6.20% in women, the difference was not significant （Z= 1.64, P= 0.10）. The prevalence was higher inurban area than in suburb （6.73% vs. 5.59%; Z=-7.27, P〈0.01）. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia increased with age （trend X^2=308.85, P〈0.01）. The trend was observed in men （trend X2=81.65, P〈0.01）, in women （trend X^2=318.04, P〈0.01）, in urban area （trend X2=201.77, P〈0.01） and in suburb （trend if= 114.65, P〈0.01）. Multiple logistic regression showed age, being female （OR= 1.23, 95%C1： 1.04-1.45）, overweight （OR= 1.56, 95%CI： 1.34-1.81）, obesity （OR= 1.82, 95%CI： 1.54-2.16）, smoking （OR-= 1.24, 95%CI： 1.03-1.50）, alcohol use （OR---- 1.40, 95%CI： 1.12-1.75）, beef and mutton intake 〉 1 time per week （OR---- 1.19, 95%CI： 1.02-1.39） were risk factors. Conclusion The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Beijing was lower than national level, and age, gender, location, BMI, smoking, alcohol use, beef and mutton intake were main influencing factors.

关 键 词：高胆固醇血症 流行现状 影响因素 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R589.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]