评列宁、考茨基关于十月革命问题的思想分歧(上)  

A Critique on Lenin and Kautsky's Ideological Differences on October Revolution (Ⅰ)

作　　者：俞良早[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学公共管理学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《南京政治学院学报》2017年第3期45-52,共8页Journal of PLA Nanjing Institute of Politics

摘　　要：在俄国革命的条件和必然性上,考茨基的观点停留在对西方工人运动和社会主义运动的认知和认同的水平上。按照考茨基的观点,东方国家包括俄国都不能和不要进行革命。列宁的思想则超越了对西方工人运动和社会主义运动的认同水平。面对落后的俄国,列宁提出了有利于落后国家无产阶级革命的思想,推动了马克思主义理论的发展。比较考茨基和列宁关于"民主"的思想,前者违背和抛弃了马克思恩格斯的思想,后者继承和体现了马克思恩格斯的思想;前者未站在无产阶级的立场上说话,后者从俄国的实际出发,本着维护俄国无产阶级和广大劳动人民的利益提出主张并进行实践;前者提出的观点包含极其荒谬的内容,后者则是科学的和有利于推进革命实践的。In regard to the conditions and inevitability of the Russian revolution,Kautsky’s view stayed at the level of cognition and recognition of the Western workers'movement and the socialist movement.According to him,the Eastern countries,including Russia could not and did not carry out the revolution.Lenin’s thought,however,transcended the recognition of the Western workers’movement and the socialist movement.Confronted withbackward Russia,he put forward the idea of favoring the proletarian revolution in the backward country,whichembodies the development of the theory.When comparing Kautsky and Lenin’s idea of'democracy',we find that the former goes against and discards the thought of Marx and Engels while the latter inherits and embodies the thought of Marx and Engels.The former does not speak from theproletariat point of view and the latter proceeds from the reality of Russia and put forward ideas and carries out the practice of safeguarding the interests of the Russian proletariat and the broad masses of working people.The former’s point of view has a very absurd content and the latter’s is scientific and conducive to practice.

关 键 词：十月革命 无产阶级革命 “纯粹民主” 苏维埃民主 

分 类 号：D64[政治法律—政治学]