社区居家老年人跌倒的危险因素及预防对策  

Study on the risk factors and prevention measures of falls of the elderly living in communities

作　　者：陶艳玲[1] 陈娟慧[1] 管玉梅[1] 邱桂花[2] 李新霞[3] 林绍英[4] 陈新茹[4] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗中心医院护理部,广东省518116 [2]深圳市龙岗中心医院康复科,广东省518116 [3]深圳市龙岗中心医院血透室,广东省518116 [4]深圳市龙岗中心医院南联社区中心,广东省518116

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2017年第7期910-914,共5页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：深圳市龙岗区医疗卫生科技计划(201505143001043);深圳市卫生计生系统科研项目(201506087)

摘　　要：目的 :分析社区居家老年人最近一年内跌倒的危险因素,验证修订版社区老年人跌倒危险评估工具的准确性,并针对跌倒的危险因素提出跌倒的预防措施。方法 :2016年3-4月,采用社区老年人一般情况表和修订版社区老年人跌倒危险评估工具随机抽取龙岗区2个社区的居家老年人进行调查。结果 :社区居家老年人最近一年内跌倒发生率为22.01%。跌倒的危险因素为年龄≥65岁、患有足部疾病、功能性行为评估不正确和居家环境不安全。同时也验证了修订版社区老年人跌倒危险评估工具临界值11.5分预测跌倒的准确性。结论 :社区老年人的跌倒预防一直是医院延续护理和社区护理工作的重点,医院老年专科护士和社区工作者应合理分析老年人跌倒的危险因素并提出针对性的干预或预防对策,以防再次跌倒和跌倒的发生。Objective: To analyze risk factors of the community elderly people's fall within one year, to validate the accuracy of the modified fall risk assessment tool for elderly people in communities, and to provide prevention measures. Methods: In March and April 2016, geriatric specialist nurses and community workers used a general information questionnaire and the modified fall risk assessment tool to investigate the older adults in two communities, which were randomly selected. Results: The fall rate of the community elderly people in the recent year was 22.01%. The risk factors of falls were age 65, foot problem, incorrect activity ability assessment and unsafe living environment. The accuracy of the modified fall risk assessment tool was validated. Conclusion: Fall prevention of community elderly people is always the focus of transitional care and community nursing. Geriatric specialist nurses and community workers should develop prevention measures according to the risk factors to avoid falls.

关 键 词：社区 老年人 跌倒 危险因素 二分类Logistic回归 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]