阴/阳离子表面活性剂复配改性粘土/橡胶纳米复合材料的结构与性能  

Structure and Properties of Mixed Anionic and Cationic Surfactants Modified Clay/Rubber Nanocomposites

作　　者：谭昊哲 白鸿泽 赵哲[2] 刘舒婷[2] 王林艳[2] 

机构地区：[1]太原市第五中学校,山西太原030012 [2]太原工业学院材料工程系,山西太原030008

出　　处：《橡胶工业》2017年第7期394-398,共5页China Rubber Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51273142;51573124)

摘　　要：采用阴离子表面改性剂十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)与阳离子表面改性剂十八烷基三甲基溴化铵(STAB)复配改性粘土,制备有机粘土/橡胶纳米复合材料,考察其结构和性能。结果表明:当SDS/STAB质量比为2/4时,有机粘土/丁腈橡胶(NBR)纳米复合材料的综合物理性能最优,STAB的有机阳离子取代无机粘土层间可交换的阳离子,SDS通过碳-氢键与无机粘土层间非极性较强的质点发生范德华力及离子静电吸附作用,获得晶层间距更大的有机粘土;与非极性的丁苯橡胶和天然橡胶相比,极性的NBR使粘土的远程聚集趋势减小和界面吸附作用增强,相应复合材料的物理性能增幅更大。The inorganic clay was modified by mixed anionic（SDS） and cationic（STAB） surfactants,and the structure and properties of organic clay/rubber nanocomposites were studied.The results showed that the comprehensive physical properties of organic clay/nitrile-butadiene rubber（NBR） nanocomposites was the best when the SDS/STAB mass ratio was 2/4,and the organic clay with great crystal layer spacing was obtained since STAB organic cations replaced the exchangeable cations in the interlayer of inorganic clay,while the van der Waals force and ion electrostatic adsorption between the hydrocarbon bonds of SDS and strong nonpolar particles in clay were established.Compared with nonpolar rubber such as styrene butadiene rubber and natural rubber,clay had a weaker remote aggregation and stronger interface adsorption in polar NBR,and thus the physical properties of organic clay/NBR nanocomposites showed a bigger increase over NBR vulcanizate.

关 键 词：阴/阳离子表面改性剂 改性 粘土 橡胶 纳米复合材料 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ330.1[化学工程—橡胶工业]