基于稳定同位素的湿地食物源判定和食物网构建研究进展  

Research progress on food sources and food web structure of wetlands based on stable isotopes

作　　者：陈展彦 武海涛[1] 王云彪[1] 吕宪国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所/湿地生态与环境重点实验室,长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2017年第7期2389-2398,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0500400;2017YFC0505901);国家自然科学基金项目(41371261;41671260);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20140101004JC)资助~~

摘　　要：湿地生物营养动力学是湿地生态系统结构和功能评价研究的基础.碳、氮稳定同位素作为识别营养关系的方法,已在湿地生态系统食物来源、组成和食物链传递研究中得到广泛运用.本文系统综述了稳定同位素食物贡献度计算模型和营养级确定的基本方法和理论;讨论了动物营养分馏值和基线的选择依据;概括了湿地生态系统典型食物源及其稳定同位素变化特征;总结了草食、杂食和肉食等不同营养级动物的食物来源.指出了稳定同位素在湿地食物源溯源和食物网研究中的不足;基于国内外研究现状和发展趋势及需求,展望了未来同位素技术在湿地食物网生态学研究中的运用前景和研究重点,提出需要加强稳定同位素营养分馏和基线的影响因素、样品处理和保存方式研究以及胃含物、分子标记物和多元素同位素结合分析.The trophic dynamics of wetland organisms is the basis of assessing wetland structure and function. Stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen have been widely applied to identify trophic relation- ships in food source, food composition and food web transport in wetland ecosystem studies. This paper provided an overall review about the current methodology of isotope mixing model and trophic level in wetland ecosystems, and discussed the standards of trophic fractionation and baseline. Moreover, we characterized the typical food sources and isotopic compositions of wetland ecosys- tems, summarized the food sources in different trophic levels of herbivores, omnivores and carni- vores based on stable isotopic analyses. We also discussed the limitations of stable isotopes in tra- cing food sources and in constructing food webs. Based on the current results, development trends and upcoming requirements, future studies should focus on sample treatment, conservation and trophic enrichment measurement in the wetland food web, as well as on combing a variety of meth- odologies including traditional stomach stuffing, molecular markers, and multiple isotopes.

关 键 词：湿地生态系统 营养关系 稳定同位素 食物源 食物网结构 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学]