地震滑坡高分辨率遥感影像识别  

Earthquake-induced landslide recognition using high-resolution remote sensing images

作　　者：彭令[1] 徐素宁[1] 梅军军[1] 苏凤环[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081 [2]中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《遥感学报》2017年第4期509-518,共10页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(编号:41602362);高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项(编号:11-Y20A40-9002-15/17);卫星及应用产业发展专项(编号:发改办高技[2012]2083号);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(编号:黔科合[2016]2844号)~~

摘　　要：区域性地震滑坡信息获取目前主要通过遥感目视解译和计算机提取,存在主观性强、耗时费力、提取精度低等问题,导致难以满足灾后应急调查、灾情评估等方面的应用需求。采用资源三号、高分一号高分辨率遥感影像,以汶川震区为实验区,在地震滑坡灾害特征分析的基础上,通过多尺度最优分割方法构建多层次滑坡对象,融合光谱、纹理、几何等影像特征和地形特征信息建立多维滑坡识别规则集合,基于高分辨率影像认知模式与场景理解过程提出滑坡分层识别模型,从而实现地震滑坡空间分布及其滑源区、滑移区和堆积区的准确识别。实验区分析结果显示最低识别精度为81.89%,而滑坡的堆积区最容易被分辨,识别方法具有可推广性。研究成果可为灾后应急调查提供技术支撑,并促进国产高分辨率遥感卫星的地质灾害应用。Earthquake-induced landslides are the most common geological disasters caused by large seismic activities in mountainous areas, and they are known for their suddenness, destructiveness, and extensive distribution range. These landslides often result in severe casualties and economic losses. Currently, regional earthquake-induced landslides are mainly obtained by visual interpretation and computer data ex- traction from remote sensing images. These methods are objective, time-consuming, and low in precision. Thus, they cannot address the re- quirement of practically conducting emergency surveys and disaster evaluations after earthquakes. In this study, with the main data source of high-resolution remote sensing images from ZY-3 and GF-1, as well as the study area of the Wenchuan earthquake region, objects of multi- level landslides were established using the multi-scale optimum partition method based on an in-depth analysis of seismic landslide features. A recognition rule set of multi-dimensional landslides was also built by combining topographic and image features, such as spectrum, tex- ture, and geometry. Additionally, recognition models for landslide stratification were proposed based on the recognition models of high-res- olution images and an understanding of the scenes. Through all of the preceding efforts mentioned, the spatial distribution of the seismic landslide, as well as the sliding source, transport, and depositional areas, can be identified. The analysis results of the experimental area showed a minimum recognition accuracy of 81.89%, with the depositional zone of landslides being the easiest zone to recognize, and the es- tablished method can be generalized. These findings may provide technical support for post-earthquake emergency investigations and fur- ther promote the application of high-resolution remote sensing data from Chinese satellites for landslides recognition.

关 键 词：地震滑坡 滑坡识别 高分辨率遥感 国产卫星 汶川地震 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学] TP751[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]