中西方必然推理比较研究  

Comparative Study on the Chinese and Western Inevitable Reasoning

作　　者：杨岗营[1] 张学立[2] YANG Gangying ZHAGN Xueli

机构地区：[1]贵州理工学院经济管理学院,贵州贵阳550003 [2]贵州民族大学逻辑、语言与认知研究中心,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2017年第3期79-88,共10页Journal of Guizhou Minzu University:Philosophy and Social Science

基　　金：2011年度国家社科基金西部项目“中西方必然推理比较研究”[项目编号:11XZX009];2012教育部人文社科研究西部项目“基于广义论证的比较逻辑研究”[项目编号:12XJA7204001];高层次人才项目“中国古代科学逻辑思想”[项目编号:G2012002]

摘　　要：《周易》"揲法"开启了中国逻辑必然推理的先河,刘徽《九章算术注》把这种推理模式进一步的完善和发展,成为独具一格的中国逻辑必然推理体系——"科技推类"推理。西方逻辑必然推理,一开始就与西方哲学"求真"思想一脉相承,欧几里得《几何原本》创造的公理化演绎逻辑体系,成为西方必然推理的滥觞。从数学史角度对中西方必然推理机制进行比较研究,可以更好地诠释逻辑的"共同性"(推理、论证、证明)与"特殊性"(推理模式、程序)。"共同性"与"特殊性"兼备,是逻辑的一个基本特征。Die Fa, as a computational method in Book of Change （Zhouyi）, a Chinese classic, started the inevitable reasoning in China＇ s logic. This inference model was further developed by Liu Hui in his masterpiece ＂Annotations to The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art＂ ~ Jiu Zhang Suan Shu Zhu ）. Inevitable reasoning in western logic started in philosophy, searching for ＂ truth ＂ Fundamentals of Geometry by Euclide created the axiom deductive logic system has been commonly used in the western academic community. It is argued in this paper that a comparative study on the Chinese and western inevitable reasoning mechanisms from the perspectives of math history can better interpret the logical ＂ commonality ＂ （inference, expounding and proving） and ＂ specialty＂ （inference models and procedures ） from a comparative study on history of mathematics. ＂Commonality＂ and ＂specialty＂ together are the fundamental characteristics of logic.

关 键 词：逻辑 必然推理 比较研究 

分 类 号：B81[哲学宗教—逻辑学]