CRISPR/Cas9—靶向基因组编辑技术的研究进展  

Research Progress on Targeted Genome-Editing Technique of CRISPR/Cas9

作　　者：王凯[1] 周菊华[1] 李延敏[1] 迟晓艳[1] WANG Kai ZHOU Juhua LI Yanmin CHI Xiaoyan(School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264039, Chin)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264039

出　　处：《鲁东大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第3期218-224,共7页Journal of Ludong University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：山东省"泰山学者"建设工程专项基金(NO.tshw20120718);山东省高等学校科技计划项目(J14LK53)

摘　　要：CRISPR/Cas9系统是继锌指核酸酶(ZFNs)技术和转录激活因子样效应物核酸酶(TALENs)技术后新的基因编辑技术.与ZFNs和TALENs相比,CRISPR/Cas9系统具有操作简单,花费低的优点.CRISPR/Cas系统有三种类型,即I型、II型和III型,其中II型是最为简单的,人们将其改为基因组定点修饰技术,即CRISPR/Cas9系统.本文主要阐述了CRISPR/Cas9的发展历史、基本结构、作用机制及目前的应用,并对其发展前景进行了展望.CRISPR/Cas9 system, which appears after ZFNs（ zinc finger nucleases） and TALENs（ transcription activator like effector nucleases ）, is a new kind of gene editing technology. Compared with ZFNs and TALENs, CRISPR/Cas9 system is simple and less costly. There are three types of CRISPR/Cas9 system, that is type Ⅰ, type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ. Type Ⅱ is the easiest one among them, and people change it into a targeted genome modification technology-CRISPR/Cas9 system. The thesis mainly introduces its history, basic structure, functional mechanism, its current application and development prospect.

关 键 词：CRISPR/Cas系统 基因编辑技术 CRISPR/Cas9 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学]