2012-2015年江苏省急性弛缓性麻痹病例特征分析  

Analysis of the acute flaccid paralysis cases of Jiangsu Province in 2012-2015

作　　者：陈勇[1] 冷红英[1] 吴昀[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心免疫规划所,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第14期2497-2499,2506,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江苏省卫生计生委科研课题(H201515)

摘　　要：目的调查分析江苏省1 143例急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例的一般情况、临床症状与随访情况,提高AFP的发现能力和诊断水平。方法采用随访和查阅病历的方式获取资料,计数资料采用率和构成比进行统计描述,采用卡方检验进行统计检验。结果江苏省2012-2015年AFP报告发病率2.57/10万,双下肢麻痹的占43.74%,单侧上下肢均麻痹的占33.16%,四肢麻痹的占14.09%。发热、腹泻等临床症状并无明显季节性,性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肌肉疼痛、肢体感觉障碍和深部腱发射减弱或消失在≥5岁组病例中高于<5岁组(P<0.05)。麻痹后60 d随访,12.51%的病例有残留麻痹。结论 <5岁的男性是AFP的高发人群。麻痹部位以下肢最为常见,麻痹前多伴有发热和肌肉疼痛。约有9成的AFP病例会在麻痹60 d内恢复,有残留麻痹的病例中麻痹严重程度也有所好转,但对有残留麻痹的AFP病例仍应重点关注。Objective To investigate the general situation, clinical symptoms and follow-up information of acute flaccid paralysis （AFP）, so as to improve the ability of diagnosis of AFP. Methods Data were collected by follow-up and medical records review. The usage rate and constituentratio were applied for statistical description of thedata, andchi square test was used for statistical analysis. Results The incidence of AFP in Jiangsu province during 2012-2015 was 2.57/100000. For the symptoms, two lower limbs paralysis accounted for 43.74%; unilateral upper and lower limbs paralysis accounted for 33.16%; and four limbs paralysis accounted for 14.09%. Fever, diarrhea and other clinical symptoms did not have obvious seasonal trends. Gender was not statistically significant factor （/9〉0.05）. The rate of reduction in or disappearance of muscle pain, limb sensory disturbance and deep tendon emission were higher in the age group of 5 years or older than the age group of less than 5-year old （P〈0.05）. Follow-up after 60 days showed 12.51% of cases with residual paralysis. Conclusion Males less than 5 years old are at a high risk of AFP. The lower limbs paralysis was more common, with fever and muscle pain before paralysis. Approximately 90% of AFP cases recovered within 60 days after paralysis. In cases with residual paralysis, the severity of the paralysis was reduced. However, attention should still be paid to the cases with residual paralysis.

关 键 词：急性弛缓性麻痹 临床症状 随访 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]