生活污水灌溉对稻田土壤磷形态和吸附特征的影响  

Influence of domestic sewage irrigation on phosphorus forms and adsorption in paddy soil

作　　者：尹爱经[1,2,3] 薛利红[1,2] 杨林章[1,2,4] 段婧婧[1,2] YIN Ai-jing XUE Li-hong YANG Lin-zhang DUAN Jing-jing(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory at Yangtze River Plain for Agricuhural Environment, Nanjing 210014, China Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Nanjing 210014, China Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Yancheng 224002, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南京210014 [2]农业部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室,南京210014 [3]省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室,南京210014 [4]江苏滩涂生物农业协同创新中心,江苏盐城224002

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2017年第7期1434-1442,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503106);江苏省自主创新项目(CX(14)2050);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(41501324);江苏省博士后科研资助计划(1601109C)~~

摘　　要：通过设置不同氮、磷浓度的生活污水进行水稻的盆栽实验,采用改进的Hedley法研究了生活污水灌溉后土壤磷形态和吸附特征的变化。结果表明,相对于施用化肥,生活污水灌溉下养分分散进入稻田,而且氮、磷投入量偏低。这导致了种植水稻后土壤总磷(TP)略有下降,土壤有效磷有显著的降低。施化肥促进了土壤易利用态磷的增加,主要是碳酸氢钠提取态无机磷(NaHCO_3-Pi)的增加。水稻种植条件下生活污水灌溉显著降低了土壤易利用态磷,增加了土壤中等活性磷,主要特征是土壤碳酸氢钠提取态有机磷(NaHCO_3-Po)减少,氢氧化钠提取态无机磷(NaOH-Pi)增加。生活污水灌溉能增加土壤对磷的最大吸附量,增强了土壤对磷的吸附和缓冲能力。生活污水中不同氮、磷浓度对土壤磷的影响主要表现为高磷污水灌溉显著增加了土壤氢氧化钠提取态有机磷(NaOH-Po)的含量,而高氮污水灌溉促进了水稻生长,提高了土壤溶液磷的平衡浓度,从而促进水稻对磷的吸收并影响土壤的磷形态。生活污水灌溉对土壤有机磷矿化过程影响显著,但其影响机理还需进一步研究。In this study, rice pot experiments were performed using irrigation with domestic sewage containing different nitrogen（N） and phosphorus（P）concentrations. Soil P forms were measured with the modified Hedley method, and soil P adsorption characteristics were also investigated under domestic sewage irrigation. N and P inputs from domestic sewage irrigation were much lower than those in common chemical fertilizers. Consequently, soil total P contents decreased slightly, and soil available P decreased significantly after one season of rice cultivation. Chemical fertilizer application mainly increased soil labile P, such as NaHCO3-Pi. Domestic sewage irrigation decreased soil labile P and increased soil moderately labile P, mainly through increases in Na OH-Pi and decreases in NaHCO3-Po. Domestic sewage irrigation also increased soil maximum adsorbing capacity, adsorption intensity, and buffer capacity for P. Higher P concentrations in domestic sewage could significantly increase soil Na OH-Po content, whereas higher N concentrations in domestic sewage could affect soil P forms by increasing the P equilibrium concentration in the soil solution and enhancing the uptake of P by improving rice growth. Thus, these findings demonstrated that domestic sewage irrigation greatly affected soil organic P mineralization; further studies are needed to determine the mechanisms involved in this process.

关 键 词：生活污水 水稻 磷形态 Hedley 磷吸附 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]