慢性肾脏病住院患者跌倒相关因素分析及对策  

Analysis of correlative factors of tumble for inpatients with chronic kidney disease and countermeasures

作　　者：江维[1] 温月[1] 刁永书[1] 倪云霞[1] 陈霞[1] 李雪芹[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院肾内科,四川成都610041

出　　处：《西部医学》2017年第7期1009-1013,共5页Medical Journal of West China

基　　金：四川省科技厅科研项目(2014SZ0095)

摘　　要：目的分析住院慢性肾脏病患者(CKD)发生跌倒的原因,找出导致跌倒的危险因素,为预防CKD患者跌倒提供依据。方法采用回顾性资料分析方法,对2013年1月~2016年12月在某三甲医院肾脏内科发生跌倒的26例CKD患者的不良事件进行分析。结果 26例发生跌倒的CKD患者中,年龄超过65岁者占85%;跌倒地点多发生于卫生间、床旁,分别占34.6%和46.2%;发生时间段多在夜班,占73.1%,尤其以18:00~22:00及6:00~8:00时段居多;有陪护者占69.2%。合并高血压者、低蛋白血症者分别占92.3%和61.5%;所有患者均有不同程度的贫血及钙磷代谢失调。结论加强病区环境管理,重视对贫血、钙磷代谢失调患者的跌倒预防,提高护士对跌倒危险因素的预测,可有效预防CKD患者的跌倒。Objective To analyze causes of tumble for inpatients with chronic kidney disease （CKD）, and find out risk factors resulting in tumble, so as to provide evidences for the prophylaxis of tumble for CKD inpatients. Methods Adverse events of tumble on 26 CKD patients admitted to the Nephrology Department of a top three hospitals from Janu- ary 2013 to December 2016were retrospectively analyzed Results There were 85% of patients aged over 65 years old in 26 CKD having tumbles. Patients often tumbled at bedside （46.2%） and in washroom （34.6%）, and tumble frequently occurred at night shift （73.1%）, especially 18：00-22 ：00 and 6 ：00-8：00 being in the majority. There were 69.2 % of tumble events in patients with carets. There were 92.3 % of tumble events in CKD patients with hypertension and 61.5 in CKD patients with hypoalbuminemia, respectively. All patients suffered from different levels of anemia and disturbance of calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Conclusion For the effectively preventing CKD patients from tumble, the envi- ronmental management of ward areas is enhanced, it is attached importance to the prevention of tumble in patients with a- nemia, and disturbance of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, and promote the predictive ability of the nurses on risk factors of tumbles.

关 键 词：慢性肾脏病患者 跌倒 相关因素 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]