气象因素对北京市猫、犬伤门诊就诊人数影响的病例交叉研究  

A crossover case study of the influences of meteorological factors on dog-and cat-hurt outpatients in Beijing City

作　　者：赵笑颜[1] 马盼[1] 王昀[1] 王式功[1,2] 尚可政[1] 李蓓[3] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院气象环境与人体健康研究中心,兰州730000 [2]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,成都610225 [3]中国人民解放军总医院急诊科,北京100853

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第3期384-387,393,共5页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(91644226;41575138);国家基础科技条件平台建设项目(NCMI-SBS17-201607;2016NCMIZX09;NCMI-SJS15-201607);国家公益性行业(气象)科研专项项目(GYHY201306047;GYHY201106034);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ18B08)

摘　　要：探讨北京市气象因素对猫、犬伤(抓伤/咬伤)门诊就诊人数的影响,采用双向配对病例交叉设计,研究了2008-2012年气象要素(日平均气压、日平均气温、相对湿度、24 h降水量、日照时间、平均水汽压)对猫、犬伤门诊就诊人数的影响.结果表明,双向l:2匹配病例交叉研究的效应值最大,在1:2匹配时,气压升高对犬伤的主要气象因素效应值(OR)为0.994时的95%置信区间(95%CI)为0.989~0.996.温度升高对犬伤影响较大,OR为1.01 9时,95%CI为1.009~1.023.湿度加大对猫伤有一定影响,OR为1.005时,95%CI为1.001~1.008.日照时间对猫、犬伤均有影响,日照时间加长,犬伤的OR为1.004,95%CI为1.000~1.011,猫伤OR为1.007,95%CI为1.001~1.008.降水量及平均水汽压结果差异无统计学意义.气温和日照时间是影响猫、犬伤人的主要气象因素,明显反映出气温和日照时间的变化对猫、犬性情的影响较大,而气压及相对湿度也会对猫、犬伤人产生一定的影响.Beijing was taken as an example to explore the relation between the major atmospheric influ- encing factors and the number of cat or dog-hurt （bitten or scratched） outpatients, and a bidirectional pair- ing crossover case design was used to analyze those atmospheric influencing factors （daily average air pressure, average temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, sunshine duration in 24 hours, averagevapor pressure） and how they were related to the number of outpatients from 2008 to 2012. The results showed that the two-way crossover case design with 1 ： 2 matched pairs had the highest odds ratios （OR）. An increase in air pressure and average temperature significantly increased the effect values for dog hurt- ing from 0.994 （95% CI： 0.989-0.996） to 1.019 （95% CI： 1.009-1.023）; an increase of relative humidity raised the value to 1.005 （95% CI： 1.001-1.008）; cat or dog hurting was affected by the sunshine dura- tion, extended sunshine time, etc. and dog injury was significantly associated with the value of OR： 1.004 （95% CI： 1.000-1.011） for dog injury and 1.007 （95% CI： 1.001-1.008） for cat hurting; 24-hour rainfall and average water pressure showed no statistical significance. Temperature and sunshine time were the main meteorological factors affecting cat and dog hurting, and air pressure and relative humidity would have a slight influence in this respect.

关 键 词：气象要素 猫 犬 宠物伤人 病例交叉 

分 类 号：R122.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学]