中国省域文化旅游资本的空间结构与流动--基于主题公园投资数据的分析  

The spatial structure and flow of provincial cultural tourism capital in China: A study of theme park investment data

作　　者：李涛[1,2] 刘家明[1] 徐庆颖[3] 朱鹤[1,2] 余玲[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100190 [3]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210023

出　　处：《地理研究》2017年第7期1283-1296,共14页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41571139,41071110)

摘　　要：资本是旅游生产、经营和消费的核心要素,其规模、结构与布局直接决定了区域旅游发展的质量、效益和方向。文化旅游作为资本依赖较高的休闲活动,把握其资本结构特征和空间流动是实现区域文化旅游资本优化配置、经营效率提升和空间有序扩展的前提和基础。基于此,研究借助图形分析、计量统计和可视化方法,对中国311家主题公园样本投资数据从时间、空间,规模、类型,模式、结构等视角进行分析,得到:中国省域文化旅游投资增长呈现由"规模小、增长慢、波动小"向"规模大、增长快、波动强"转变的特征;在社会经济主导和门槛游客量规定下,中国文化旅游资本呈现"质小量大"的规模结构,而省域间差异化类型结构中省域内部资本、省域外部资本和外商国际资本的6∶3∶1组合是实践选择中最具竞争优势的资本类型结构模式;外商国际资本空间流动以人员经济往来为依据,表现为空间分解、空间整合、空间压缩和轴向扩散的空间渗透过程;而"源少汇多"的省域外部资本流动是空间密集网络基础上,源地辐射系统和汇地集聚系统构成的空间"二元"结构的响应。The capital is the core element of production, business operation and consumption in tourism industry. Its size, structure and spatial distribution directly determine the quality, efficiency and direction of the regional tourism development. Moreover, cultural tourism is a recreational activity with high capital dependence. It is important to understand the characteristics of the spatial structure and flow of cultural tourism capital, in order to obtain the optimization of cultural tourism capital allocation, improvement of the management efficiency and reasonable spatial expansion of the cultural tourism. This study used graphical analysis, quantitative analysis and visualization methods to analyze an investment dataset of 311 theme parks in China, in the perspective of space and time, size and type, pattern and structure. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows： （1） The provincial tourism investment in China presented an emerging trend： from ＂small scale, week fluctuation and slow growth＂ to ＂ large scale, strong fluctuation and fast growth＂; What＇s more, the investment was given priority to small and medium-sized cultural tourism. Under the constraint of leisure consumption ability and socio-economy dominance, the capital invested to theme parks presented a pattern of ＂small quality but large quantity＂. （2） The capital is divided into international capital, provincial external capital and provincial internal capital, according to the classification methods of origin-destination flows. With the discrepant capital structure, there were different development models about the Chinese cultural tourism. Through the typical sample inspection, the optimal proportion of international capital, provincial extemal capital and provincial internal capital was 6：3：1, which was recognized the most competitive regional capital pattern in practice. （3） On the one hand, the international capital mostly came from the nearest place, and the capital origins showed highly positive correlation with

关 键 词：文化旅游资本 空间结构 空间流动 主题公园 中国 

分 类 号：F592[经济管理—旅游管理] F719.5[经济管理—产业经济] G124[文化科学]