基于临界电子激发能研究硝胺炸药纳米化降感机理  

Mechanism Research for Reducing Sensitivity of Nitramine Explosive Particles by Nanocrystallization Based on Critical Electronic Excitation Energy

作　　者：刘杰[1] 戎园波 靳承苏 郝嘎子 肖磊[1] 柯香[1] 姜炜[1] 李凤生[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院国家特种超细粉体工程技术研究中心,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2017年第6期420-424,共5页Materials China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51606102)

摘　　要：采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM),实测记录了硝胺炸药颗粒在电子能作用下开始发生分解变形(在颗粒表面产生裂纹)时的状态,结合Image Pro Plus图形处理软件,计算出了硝胺炸药颗粒开始发生分解变形所需的临界电子激发能。研究结果表明:当颗粒粒径大于10μm时,随着粒径减小,硝胺炸药颗粒临界电子激发能减小;当颗粒粒径小于约10μm后,临界电子激发能随粒径减小而迅速增大;当颗粒粒径减小至约0.5μm时,随着粒径进一步减小,临界电子激发能变化不大。本研究以实测计算的临界电子激发能为基础,可从能量角度解释硝胺炸药纳米化降感机理,对指导纳米硝胺炸药的实际应用具有重要意义。The state, that the nitramine explosive particle is starting to decompose and exhibiting cracks on its sur[ace, is observed and recorded using the S-4800II Fielding Emission Scanning Electron Microscope （FESEM） , tile Image Pro Plus （IPP） System is employed to obtain the projected area of that decomposed particle in the FESEM image, and the critical electronic excitation energy （CEEE） of the nitramine explosive particle is calculated. Result has shown that： when the particle size is above 10 μm, the CEEE value is decreased with the reduction of particle size ; when the particle size is under about 10 μm, the CEEE value is sharply increased with the reduction of particle size; when the particle size is about 0. 5 μm, the CEEE value is almost not increased with the reduction of particle size. Based on the CEEE, it is very helpful to explain the mechanism for reducing sensitivity of nitramine explosive particles by nanocrystallization, so as to provide a theoretical support for practical application of nano-sized nitramine explosives.

关 键 词：硝胺炸药 颗粒大小 临界电子激发能 纳米化 降感机理 

分 类 号：TQ560.7[化学工程—炸药化工]