基于流注起始判据的球—板—球短空气间隙击穿电压计算  

Breakdown Voltage Calculation of Short Sphere-plane-sphere Air Gap Based on Streamer Inception Criteria

作　　者：阮江军[1] 唐烈峥 邱志斌[1] 黄道春[1] 廖一帆 黄从鹏 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气工程学院,武汉430072 [2]南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司,广州510080

出　　处：《高压电器》2017年第7期38-44,共7页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：特高压工程技术(昆明;广州)国家工程实验室开放基金(NEL201509);中国博士后科学基金(2016M602354)~~

摘　　要：典型电极结构的击穿电压是外绝缘设计的重要依据,许多学者对此进行了大量的研究,而实际上高压输变电工程中常常需要分析悬浮导体的影响。为此,文中在考虑悬浮导体的基础上,采用Raether-Meek判据、临界电荷判据和光电离判据等3种流注起始判据对球—板—球短空气间隙的击穿电压进行了计算,并开展了工频耐压试验作为对比。结果表明,对稍不均匀电场球—板—球短空气间隙,计算结果与试验值吻合良好,所有计算结果的相对误差和平均绝对百分比误差分别在7.5%和4%以内;其中,基于光电离判据的计算结果精度最高,平均绝对百分比误差仅为2.5%。研究证明了流注起始判据在一定范围内的有效性和推广价值,并有助于阐述稍不均匀电场组合空气间隙的放电机理。A lot of attempts are made to calculate the breakdown voltage of typical electrode structures, which is important for the design of external insulation, but in fact the influence of floating metals should often be analyzed in high voltage transmission and transformation projects. Therefore, 3 kinds of streamer inception criteria including Raether-Meek criterion, critical charge criterion and photoionization criterion are adopted in this paper to calcu- late the breakdown voltage of short sphere-plane-sphere air gap with the consideration of floating metals, and the power-frequency withstand voltage tests are carried out for the comparison. The results indicate that the calculated values are in good accordance with the experimental results of short sphere-plane-sphere air gap in slightly uneven electric field and all of the relative errors and the mean absolute percentage errors are less than 7.5% and 4% respectively; the accuracy of the calculated results based on photoionization criterion is the highest with the mean absolute percentage errors of 2.5%. The study verifies the validity and generalization values of streamer inception criteria within a certain range, and contributes to explaining the discharge mechanism of complex air gap in slightly uneven electric field.

关 键 词：稍不均匀电场 球—板—球短空气间隙 击穿电压 流注起始判据 

分 类 号：TM85[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]