鹭宁两地植物根际土壤中放线菌的生物多样性分析及生物活性检测  

Biodiversity Analysis and Bioactivity Detection of Actinomycetes from Rhizosphere Soil in Xiamen and Nanjing Area,China

作　　者：王霏[1] 黎丹[1] 黄耀坚[1] 邓贤明[1] 吴莹莹[2] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学生命科学学院天然产物源靶向药物国家地方联合工程实验室,福建厦门361102 [2]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海201406

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第4期511-516,共6页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1405223);福建省教育厅科技项目(JA15020)

摘　　要：为探究不同地区植物根际土壤中可培养放线菌的多样性,筛选具有抗菌及抗肿瘤活性的药源菌株,采用改良聚乳酸-明胶和海藻糖-脯氨酸2种培养基,选择分离采自厦门市翔安区香山风景区、南京市中山植物园及玄武湖公园的17份植物根际土壤样品中的放线菌,并进行16SrRNA基因鉴定、系统进化分析及抗菌和抗肿瘤生物活性测定.共分离到178株放线菌,其中链霉菌151株,其余27株为稀有放线菌,占总数的15.2%.稀有放线菌分布在9个属中:微杆菌属(Microbacterium)、拟无枝酸菌属(Amycolatopsis)、韩国生工菌属(Kribbella)、野野村氏菌属(Nonomuraea)、小单孢菌属(Micromonospora)、链孢囊菌属(Streptosporangium)、拟孢囊菌属(Kibdelosporangium)、纤维微菌属(Cellulosimicrobium)和栖白蚁菌属(Isoptericola),包含2株新种.对分离得到的所有放线菌进行液体小量发酵,并测定其发酵粗提物的抗菌和抗肿瘤活性.结果显示:所测定的178株放线菌中,有82株对一种或多种指示菌表现出抗菌活性,占供测菌株的46.1%;有60株对一种或多种肿瘤细胞具有抑制作用,占供测菌株的33.7%.研究结果表明植物根际土壤中放线菌资源丰富,其中抗菌和抗肿瘤活性较强的菌株可为后续微生物药物研发提供有利资源.To investigate the diversity of actinomycetes from rhizosphere soil in different regions and to screen the strains with antibacterial and antitumor activities,the 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were used to explore the diversity of actinomycetes,which were isolated from 17 rhizosphere soil samples with two selective media.And then 6 bacteria,2 fungi and 4 tumor cells were used as indicators to determine the biological activities of actinomycetes.In this study,a total of 178 actinomycetes were isolated from the rhizosphere soil,including 27 strains as rare actinomycetes,which accounted for a total of 15.2%.The rare actinomycetes can be assigned to 9 genera,which are Microbacterium, Amycolatopsis,Kribbella,Nonomuraea, Micromonospora, Streptosporangium,Kibdelosporangium, Cellulosimicrobium,Isoptericola,and 2 strains of them were novel species.Among the isolated actinomycetes,82 strains（46.1%）had antibacterial activities against one or more indicators,60 strains（33.7%）had inhibitory activities against one or more tumor cells.In conclusion,the results show that the rhizosphere soil is a highly diverse actinobacterial community,in which most of them appear to be novel candidate species.Therefore,the actinomycetes with biological activities could be a promising source for secondary metabolites separation and microbial pharmaceutical developments.

关 键 词：放线菌 选择分离 生物多样性 生物活性 

分 类 号：Q939[生物学—微生物学]