抽油机变速驱动与控制技术现状及发展趋势  

Research on Variable Speed Drive and Control of Beam-pumping Unit

作　　者：郭福东 樊灵[1] 巩宏亮[2] 孙春龙[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266580 [2]大庆油田有限责任公司采油工程研究院,黑龙江大庆163453

出　　处：《石油矿场机械》2017年第4期16-19,共4页Oil Field Equipment

摘　　要：游梁式抽油机在运行时,系统效率低、能量浪费严重。抽油机变速驱动与控制技术作为近年来应用于游梁式抽油机较先进的节能降耗技术,能够根据油井供液能力的大小以及系统的运行状况,智能控制电机转速,实现油井的供采平衡,节约能耗。变速驱动技术按照作用范围的不同,分为宏观变速驱动和微观变速驱动技术2大类。阐述了宏观变速驱动技术基于悬点示功图、动液面深度2种智能调速控制方案的设计原理与技术特点;分析了微观变速驱动技术的节能机理。Along with the decline of fluid supply capacity,there are some problems such as low sys-tem efficiency and serious energy waste when the beam-pumping unit is working. As the advanced energy-saving technique on beam-pumping unit, the variable speed drive （VSD） can control the motor rotate speed to balance the fluid supply and production,based on the system operation con-ditions. In the meanwhile,the full degree of pump can be improved and both the peak and fluctua-tion of the motor torque can be decreased. In this paper, the study on the variable speed drive technique is divided into two parts,in the macro level and in the micro level. In the first part,two types of design based on the polished rod diagram and the dynamic oil level relatively are dis-cussed to achieve automatic control on frequency of stroke. Within the discussion, the main design principle and technical feature are put forward. In the second part, some recent findings on the variable speed drive technique in micro level are concluded including the energy saving mechanism and the existing problems at present. At last, it suggests that the variable speed drive technique will be developed towards more intelligent and elaborate.

关 键 词：游梁式抽油机 变速驱动 智能控制 节能降耗 

分 类 号：TE933.1[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]