世界银行的反腐败标准及其对金砖银行制度建设的启示  

The Anti-Corruption Standards of the World Bank and Its Implications for the New Development Bank

作　　者：朱杰进[1] 向晨[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院

出　　处：《国际观察》2017年第4期42-56,共15页International Review

基　　金：作者主持的国家社科基金课题(项目编号:11CGJ006);英国国际发展部(DFID)"中国国际发展研究网络"(CIDRN)课题"金砖银行制度建设研究"的部分成果

摘　　要：本文系统考察了世界银行反腐败标准的形成过程及其对金砖银行反腐败制度建设的启示,认为世界银行的反腐败政策经历了一个重要变迁,而后者的动力正是来自于世界银行主要捐款国对本国反腐败议题的重视。自世行成立以来,治理和反腐败问题一直是其不愿触及的"政治禁区",但在20世纪90年代中期后,尤其是在沃尔芬森和沃尔福威茨两任行长的推动下,世界银行日益关注借款国的国内治理和反腐败状况,并将之作为其提供贷款的重要条件,事实上,这与美欧日等主要股东国在世纪之交高度重视国内的反腐败议题以及世界银行自身以股东国导向为准的制度特征密切相关。作为发展中国家自主创立的新开发银行,金砖银行更多地强调借款国主导和采用国别体系,充分体现借款国自身的发展理念和战略,因而应该采用一套更为灵活多样、更符合借款国实际的治理与反腐败标准。This paper examines the evolution of Governance and Anti-corruption （GAC） standards of the World Bank and its implications for the institution-building of the BRICS New Development Bank （NDB）. GAC standards have experienced a great change, which originates from the donor countries＇ willingness on this topic. Since 1945, GAC is a political taboo within the Word Bank, because it is regarded as an intervention of the domestic politics of the borrowing countries. However, it has become a hot topic from the 1990s, which in fact reflects the domestic agenda of anti-corruption in the US, Europe and Japan by the end of 2000. James Wolfensohn and Paul Wolfowitz are the two presidents who pushes GAC agenda very hard. The BRICS NDB is the first bank established by the developing countries and a South-South Cooperation platform, which emphasizes client-oriented idea and strategy. Thus, NDB should take a more flexible and responsive standards of GAC.

关 键 词：世界银行 金砖银行 治理与反腐败 股东国导向 借款国主导 

分 类 号：D035.4[政治法律—政治学] F831.2[经济管理—金融学]