试析战略纵深主义对土耳其外交的适用性——基于隔离行为体的视角  

Strategic Depth: A Suitable Doctrine for Turkey's Diplomacy?

作　　者：刘欣[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学国际关系与地区发展研究院 [2]上海国际问题研究院

出　　处：《国际观察》2017年第4期87-101,共15页International Review

摘　　要：土耳其作为位于中东和欧盟两个安全复合体之间的隔离国,长期以来具有传统隔离行为体的脆弱性、边缘性和消极性特点。自20世纪90年代起,逐渐向"非传统"隔离国转变。正义与发展党政府执政后,土耳其外交在"战略纵深主义"指导下表现出异常积极的"非传统"特质。该主义以土耳其"无与伦比"的"地理纵深"与"历史纵深"为逻辑起点,给土耳其设定了"全球行为体"的超前目标,选择发挥"中心国家"优势,积极介入多地区并发挥领导作用作为其实现路径,意图突破隔离国的身份。但隔离行为体性质对土耳其外交的制约依然明显,且与战略纵深主义间存在巨大张力。"阿拉伯之春"爆发刺激土耳其冒险采取武力作为重要外交手段,最终导致这种张力无法调和,外交陷入孤立。后达武特奥卢时期,埃尔多安仍奉行战略纵深主义,而土耳其外交战略调整必须建立在对其进行扬弃的基础上。As the insulator between two regional security complex of the Middle East and EU, Turkey reveals its nature of a typical Insulator for a long time： vulnerable and frontier in term of location and passive in term of practice in foreign policy. After the AKP took office in 2002, under the guidance of Strategic Depth doctrine, Turkey is playing an increasingly active and even proactive role from its insulator position. Based on alleged optimal geographical and historical depth of Turkey, Strategic Depth set an assertive goal of ＂Global Actor＂ for the republic to be achieved in 2023, by intervening in surrounding areas and play a leading role as central country of multi-regions. But structural restrictions of being an insulator are still powerful. There is huge tension between insulator and the Doctrine. In pursuit of the goal, outbreak of＂Arab Spring＂ provokes Turkey to implement its policy mainly relying on military power. That finally caused its diplomatic isolation in 2015. In post- Davutoglu era, Erdogan still upholds Strategic Depth. The adjustment of foreign strategy is badly in need. Turkey＇s government should develop reasonable part of the doctrine and discard the unrealistic one.

关 键 词：战略纵深主义 土耳其外交 隔离行为体 大中东 

分 类 号：D837.4[政治法律—政治学]