成都市市区3～6岁肥胖儿童肠道菌群变化和饮食结构调查及儿童肥胖影响因素分析  

Investigation on changes of intestinal flora and dietary structure in obese children aged 3-6 years old in urban area of Chengdu city and analysis on the influencing factors of childhood obesity

作　　者：张衡[1] 郝静梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省妇幼保健院新生儿科,四川成都610031

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2017年第13期3005-3009,共5页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的调查成都市市区3~6岁肥胖儿童的肠道菌群变化及饮食结构,分析儿童肥胖的影响因素。方法随机整群抽取成都市市区4所幼儿机构的76名3~6岁肥胖儿童纳入肥胖组,随机抽取年龄、性别相近的76名正常体重儿童纳入正常组。检测两组儿童肠道菌群变化情况,分析两组儿童每日食物摄入量,每日摄入食物达标、超标情况。对儿童肥胖的影响因素进行单因素及多因素分析。结果肥胖组儿童肠道变形菌门含量显著高于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肥胖组儿童油脂类每日摄入量显著高于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。正常组儿童蔬菜类、粮食类、奶制品摄入达标率均显著高于肥胖组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。肥胖组儿童肉类(禽、鱼肉)、蛋制品摄入超标率显著高于正常组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。单因素分析显示:儿童肥胖与出生体重、每日户外活动时间、食欲、进食速度、父母肥胖、饭前食用零食相关。多因素分析显示:食欲好、进食速度快、饭前食用零食是儿童肥胖的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 3~6岁肥胖儿童存在肠道变形菌门含量高、饮食结构失衡等特点;食欲好、进食速度快、饭前食用零食同此年龄段儿童肥胖的发生密切相关,应引起幼儿机构及儿童家长的重视。Objective To investigate the changes of intestinal flora and dietary structure in obese children aged 3-6 years old,analyze the influencing factors of obesity in children.Methods Seventy-six obese children aged 3-6 years old were selected from four kindergartens in urban area of Chengdu city as obesity group by stratified random cluster sampling method;76 children with normal weight of the same age and gender ratio were randomly selected as normal group.The changes of intestinal flora were detected in the two groups.The food intake,the rates of reaching and exceeding the standard of daily food intake in the two groups were analyzed.The influencing factors of childhood obesity were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate analysis.Results The content of Proteobacteria in obesity group was statistically significantly higher than that in normal group（P〈0.05）.The daily intake of fat food in obesity group was statistically significantly higher than that in normal group（P〈0.05）.The rates of reaching the standards of daily vegetables,grains,and milk products intake in normal group were statistically significantly higher than those in obesity group（all P 0.05）.The rates of exceeding the standards of daily meat（poultry,fish） and egg products intake in obesity group were statistically significantly higher than those in normal group（all P〈0.05）.Univariate analysis showed that childhood obesity was correlated with birth weight,time for daily outdoor activities,appetite,eating speed,and intake of snacks before a meal.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that good appetite,eating fast,and intake of snacks before a meal were influencing factors of obesity in children（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Obese children aged 3-6 years old have high content of Proteobacteria and dietary imbalance.Good appetite,eating fast,and intake of snacks before a meal are closely correlated with obesity in children,which needs to be paid attention to.

关 键 词：3-6岁儿童 肥胖 肠道菌群 饮食结构 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]