超高强度平头圆柱形弹体对低碳合金钢板的高速撞击实验  

High-speed impact of low-carbon alloy steel plates by ultra-high strength blunt projectiles

作　　者：任杰[1] 徐豫新[1] 王树山[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2017年第4期629-636,共8页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11402027)

摘　　要：为分析不同组分低碳合金钢板抗超高强度低碳合金钢弹体的高速撞击性能及破坏模式,以两种典型防弹特种钢SS、AS以及常见的Q235A钢为研究对象,通过静态拉伸、静态压缩及动态压缩测试,获得静态拉伸和压缩性能参数以及1 000~6 000s^(-1)应变率范围内的力学行为,分析了材料组分与力学性能的相关性。采用弹道枪加载撞击方法,获得了两种超高强度合金钢平头圆柱形弹体对3种钢板(14.5~15.9mm厚)的弹道极限速度,通过分析获得了不同工况下的极限比吸收能,讨论了合金钢板在弹体高速撞击下破坏模式的差异,分析了材料力学性能与破坏模式的相关性。研究表明:3种合金钢板抗弹体撞击性能与材料屈服强度正相关,但其性能间的差异远小于屈服强度间的差异;在超高强度合金钢平头圆柱形弹体的高速撞击下,3种钢板的失效机制与其力学性能密切相关,Si和Mn含量高的AS钢呈硬脆性特征,其断裂失效主要取决于材料的剪切强度,而Si和Mn含量较低的SS钢和Q235A钢具有良好的塑性,其断裂失效主要取决于材料的压缩强度和剪切强度。To investigate the ballistic resistance and failure mode of three different low-carbon alloysteel plates subjected to ultra-high strength low alloy steel projectiles,we used the tspecial steels SS and AS and the commonly used Q235A steel for our study in the present research,obtained their static tensile and compression performance and the dynamic mechanical behavior at the strain rate of 1 000 to 6 000 s 1 by static tension,compression and split Hopkinson pressure bar tests respectively, and analyzed the relationship between material composition and mechanical perform-ance. We also obtained the ballistic limits of these plates （1 4. 5 -1 5. 9 mm thick） subjected to two ultra-high strength low alloy steel projectiles by ballistic gun experiments. Furthermore, we com-pared the specific energy absorption and failure mode of the steel plates uanalyzed the relationship between the mechanical performance and the failure mode. The results showed a positive correlation between the ballistic resistance and the yield strengthences between the ballistic resistances of the three steel plates are less than that between the yieldstrength. Finally,the failure mechanism of different steel plates is correlated with different mechani-cal parameters： for the AS steel plates with a high content of Si and Mn, the main determinant offracture failure is its shear strength,as is characterized by great hardness and brittleness, while for SS and Q235A steel plate with a low content of Si and Mn the main determinant is its compressive andshear strength,as is characterized by good plasticity.

关 键 词：破坏模式 高速撞击 低碳合金钢 超高强度弹体 

分 类 号：O385[理学—流体力学]