蕾后期和花前期切花菊品种‘神马’不同部位叶片光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性的比较  

Comparison on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of leaves in different positions of cultivar 'Jinba' of cut chrysanthemum(Chrysanthemum morifolium) at post-budding and pre-blooming stages

作　　者：郑玉红[1,2] 樊聪[2] 邓波[3] 张智[3] 智永祺 周坚[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏南京210037 [2]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所(南京中山植物园),江苏南京210014 [3]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《植物资源与环境学报》2017年第2期61-67,共7页Journal of Plant Resources and Environment

基　　金：江苏省博士后科研资助计划(142126C)

摘　　要：对蕾后期和花前期切花菊(Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)品种‘神马’(‘Jinba’)不同部位叶片光合作用参数日变化、叶绿素荧光参数、光响应曲线及参数进行了研究。结果表明:蕾后期和花前期品种‘神马’叶片蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)和净光合速率(Pn)的日变化均为单峰曲线,峰值出现在10:00或12:00;胞间CO2浓度(Ci)的日变化则先降低后升高,谷值出现在12:00。蕾后期和花前期品种‘神马’叶片Tr、Ci和Gs值的平均值总体上随叶片位置降低而逐渐升高;蕾后期不同部位叶片Pn值的平均值差异较小,花前期叶片Pn值的平均值则随叶片位置降低而逐渐降低。随着叶片位置降低,蕾后期和花前期品种‘神马’叶片的初始荧光(Fo)、最大荧光(Fm)、可变荧光(Fv)、表观量子效率(AQE)和最大净光合速率(Pmax)以及蕾后期的暗呼吸速率(Rd)均逐渐降低,而花前期的Rd值以及蕾后期和花前期的光补偿点(LCP)均逐渐升高。随着光合有效辐射(PAR)升高,蕾后期不同部位叶片以及花前期中部叶和下部叶的Pn值呈先急剧升高后趋于平稳的变化趋势,而花前期上部叶的Pn值则呈先急剧升高后逐渐下降的变化趋势。研究结果显示:在切花菊设施栽培过程中适当补充光照可提高切花菊品质。Photosynthetic parameter diurnal changes,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,and light response curves and parameters of leaves in different positions of cultivar 'Jinba' of cut chrysanthemum(Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) at post-budding and pre-blooming stages were studied.The results show that at post-budding and pre-blooming stages,the diurnal changes in transpiration rate(Tr),stomatal conductance(Gs) and net photosynthetic rate(Pn) of leaves of cultivar 'Jinba' all are single peak curves,with the peak values at 10:00 or 12:00,and that in intercellular CO_2 concentration(Ci)decreases at first and then increases,with the valley value at 12:00.In general,the average values of Tr,Ci and Gs of leaves of cultivar 'Jinba' at post-budding and pre-blooming stages increase gradually with decreasing of leaf position.There is a small differences in the average value of Pn of leaves among different leaf positions at post-budding stage,and the average value of Pn of leaves at pre-blooming stage decreases gradually with decreasing of leaf position.With decreasing of leaf position,initial fluorescence(F_o),the maximum fluorescence(F_m),variable fluorescence(F_v),apparent quantum efficiency(AQE)and the maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pmax)of leaves of cultivar'Jinba'at post-budding and pre-blooming stages,and dark respiration rate(Rd)at post-budding stage decrease gradually,while Rd value at pre-blooming stage and light compensation point(LCP)at post-budding and pre-blooming stages increase gradually.With increasing of photosynthetically active radiation(PAR),Pn value of leaves in different leaf positions at post-budding stage and that of middle and lower leaves at pre-blooming stage increase sharply at first and then change to be steady,while that of upper leaves at pre-blooming stage increases sharply at first and then decreases gradually.It is suggested that during the facility cultivation process of cut chrysanthemum,appropriate light supplement can enhance quality of cut chrysanthemum.

关 键 词：切花菊品种'神马’ 光合作用 叶绿素荧光参数 光响应曲线 

分 类 号：Q945.11[生物学—植物学] S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]