三门峡水库在黄河调水调沙体系中的作用  

Function of Sanmenxia Reservoir in the Water-Sediment Regulation System of the Yellow River

作　　者：贾美平 宋喜雷 王育杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会三门峡水利枢纽管理局,河南三门峡472000

出　　处：《人民黄河》2017年第7期11-14,共4页Yellow River

摘　　要：三门峡水库是黄河防洪工程体系的重要组成部分,对黄河中游水沙起着重要的调控作用。自2002年起,为减少黄河下游河道淤积与恢复河槽的过洪能力,黄河水利委员会组织和开展了以小浪底水库运用为主的黄河调水调沙实践活动,三门峡水库参与了多次黄河调水调沙生产运用,在运用过程中科学制定调度方案,通过对枢纽泄流排沙设施的调节与控制,为小浪底水库调水调沙运用提供所需水沙量。对三门峡水库运用进行的分析表明,三门峡水库运用在黄河调水调沙过程中起着承上启下的作用,能有效控制小浪底水库入库水沙的时空分布过程,有利于小浪底水库库区明流段淤积形态的改善及小浪底水库人工塑造异重流形成与消亡的控制,提升小浪底水库的排沙效率,增加并恢复黄河下游主河槽的过洪能力。同时,有利于三门峡水库自身的排沙减淤与淤积形态的改善。Sanmenxia Reservoir is an important part of the flood control engineering systems of 'retaining at upper reaches and releasing at the lower'in the lower Yellow River,which exerts an important regulation function for the water flow and sediment in the middle Yellow River.Since 2002,YRCC had organized and carried out the water-sediment regulation practice based on the operation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir in order to reduce siltation and restore the flood discharge ability of the main channel in the lower Yellow River.The Sanmenxia Reservoir had been involved in multiple applications of the water-sediment regulation in the Yellow River.In the process of application,scientific controlling plans were made through adjustment and control of the Sanmenxia Reservoir discharge and releasing facilities,the required water and sediment were provided for the water-sediment regulation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir.The analysis of Sanmenxia Reservoir operation shows that the Sanmenxia Reservoir has played a connecting role in the process of water-sediment regulation in the Yellow River,can effectively control the temporal and spatial distribution process of Xiaolangdi Reservoir inflow,is beneficial to the improvement of the deposition form of the flow section and the control of artificial density flow formation and extinction,promote the sediment releasing efficiency of Xiaolangdi Reservoir and increase and restore the flood discharge ability of the main channel in the lower Yellow River.Meanwhile,it is beneficial to the sediment releasing,sedimentation reduction and the improvement of sedimentation form in the Sanmenxia Reservoir.

关 键 词：调水调沙 排沙 减淤 过洪能力 三门峡水库 黄河 

分 类 号：TV697.1[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV882.1