基于CI指数的渭河流域干旱时空演变特征研究  

Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Droughts in Weihe River Basin Based on CI Drought Index

作　　者：景朝霞 夏军[1,2,3] 匡洋[4] 佘敦先[1,2,3] 王强[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水利水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学水利水电学院,湖北武汉430072 [3]水资源安全保障湖北省协同创新中心,湖北武汉430072 [4]长江水利委员会长江科学院,湖北武汉430019

出　　处：《人民黄河》2017年第7期86-91,95,共7页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41501030;41571028);水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室开放研究基金重点资助项目(2016490211);湖北省科技支撑计划项目(2015BCA290)

摘　　要：根据渭河流域1961—2014年27个气象站的气象数据,利用综合气象干旱指数(CI)研究了渭河流域近54 a干旱时空演变特征。结果表明:渭河流域的干旱持续时间有微弱增加趋势,干旱持续时间序列不存在明显突变点;春、夏、秋、冬四季干旱站次比多年均值分别为50.7%、42.7%、37.5%、60.9%,其中春、秋、冬三季干旱站次比增加,秋季增加趋势显著;重度及以上干旱四季频发,但冬季干旱站次比小;干旱持续时间以及中度以上干旱频率西北高、东南低,东部华县站周边干旱持续时间较长;春、夏、秋、冬四季中度以上干旱频率均值分别为35.2%、26.2%、22.4%、23.8%。Based on the observed meteorological data of 27 meteorological stations during 1961-2014 in Weihe River Basin( WRB),a composite index( CI) of meteorological drought was adopted to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of drought in WRB.Annual and seasonal changes of station proportion,drought frequencies and drought durations were discussed in the recent 54 years by using the methods of linear trend test,Pettitt test and Mann-Kendall method.The results show that there is an insignificant increasing trend on drought durations,and no obvious change points can be detected by M-K and Pettitt tests.Seasonally,extremely drought encounters frequently and widely in spring,summer and autumn across WRB,while the extent relatively low in winter.The annual average station proportions of drought in the four seasons are 50.7%,42.7%,37.5% and 60.9%,respectively,and the trend is detected to increase in seasons,especially in autumn according to the rank M-K method.The spatial distribution of drought durations and drought frequencies above moderate are resemble as precipitation of WRB,that is,high in northwest and relatively low in southeast.Besides,a few stations nearby Huaxian Station in the east are detected to increase distinctly.The average drought frequencies are 35.2%,26.2%,22.4% and 23.8%,respectively.

关 键 词：干旱 时空特征 综合气象干旱指数(C/) 渭河流域 

分 类 号：TV211.11[水利工程—水文学及水资源] TV882.8