远距离GNSS潮位测量精度的影响因素研究  

Research on the Influence Factors in the Precision of Long Range GNSS Tidal Measurement

作　　者：王朝阳[1,2] 周兴华[1,2] 李延刚[3] 梁冠辉[2] 付延光 

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学测绘科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061 [3]国家海洋局东海分局,上海200137

出　　处：《海洋技术学报》2017年第3期1-6,共6页Journal of Ocean Technology

基　　金：基金项目:自主星载高度计海面测高在轨绝对定标关键技术研究(2014DFA1710)

摘　　要：为实现远岸潮位精确监测,从天线类型、浮标姿态改正、数据处理模式等影响因素进行了远距离GNSS浮标潮位测量精度的分析研究。结果表明:相比于非扼流圈天线,采用扼流圈天线可有效提高GNSS浮标数据观测质量,获得较高精度的定位结果;姿态改正对浮标天线高误差达厘米级,潮位提取中可通过低通滤波器有效消除;远距离潮位测量(基线大于300 km)中PPP潮位精度整体优于PPK潮位;GNSS潮位测量精度受海况影响严重,四级海况以内,潮位测量精度优于10 cm,可以满足远距离潮位观测精度的要求。In this paper, the precision of long range GNSS tidal level measurement is analyzed considering influence factors such as antenna type, buoy attitude correction, data processing mode in order to realize precise deep water tidal monitoring. Results show that compared with the common antenna, the choke coil antenna can effectively improve the quality of GNSS buoy observation data and obtain a high-precision positioning results.Attitude correction to the height of buoy antenna is able to reach the centimeter level, and can be efficiently eliminated by low pass filter in the process of tidal extraction. The overall accuracy of PPP tidal level measurement is better than that of the PPK tidal level measurement in long range tidal measurement（with baseline of more than 300 km）. The precision of tidal level measurement is seriously affected by oceanic conditions, and should be better than 10 cm within state 4 oceanic condition, which can meet the accuracy requirement of long-range tidal level measurement.

关 键 词：GNSS潮位测量 天线类型 姿态改正 数据处理模式 远距离 

分 类 号：P229[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]