简易防护减少实弹射击致耳部损伤的现场调查  

A field Survey of Simple Protective Devices for Hearing Damage During Live Shell Shooting

作　　者：刁明芳[1] 孙建军[1] DIAO Mingfang SUN Jianjun(Centre of Otolaryngology of PLA, Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China)

机构地区：[1]海军总医院全军耳鼻咽喉头颈外科中心,北京100048

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2017年第3期314-316,共3页Chinese Journal of Otology

基　　金：海军总医院创新培育基金CXPY201514~~

摘　　要：目的分析在缺乏个人护耳装具时,棉球塞耳的简易方法在步枪射击对耳部损伤的防护效用。方法 53名人员参加单兵步枪实弹射击,分为防护组和未防护组。采用主观听力问卷的方式,调查实弹射击后受试者的耳部状况。结果防护组40人中,有3名射击后自觉出现耳部症状(出现率为7.5%);未采取防护的13人中,有7人出现耳部症状(发生率53.8%),二组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。15名出现耳部症状的受试者中,均报告射击后出现耳鸣,耳鸣持续时间为12小时-24小时。结论耳鸣是实弹射击噪声致耳部损伤的主要表现,在缺乏个人护耳装置时,采用棉球塞耳的简单措施也可有效预防噪声对耳部损伤。Objective To study the protective effect of cotton ball against hearing damage during rifle shooting and lack of personal hearing protective devices.Methods Fifty-three adults were divided into a cotton ball protection group（n=40） and a no protection group（n=13）.Self-assessment hearing questionnaires were completed after rifle shooting.Results Three in the cotton ball group（7.5%） and 7 in the no protection（53.8%） reported ear problems after shooting.Tinnitus was reported by all the persons with ear problems after shooting and lasted for 12 to 24 hours.Conclusions Tinnitus is a common compliant in rifle shot exposure-induced ear damages.When there is lack of standard hearing protective devices,cotton ball can be used to reduce noise-induced ear problems effectively.

关 键 词：棉球 步枪 射击 耳 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]