非遗传因素对西门塔尔牛主要经济性状的影响  

Effects of non-genetic factors on main economic traits of Simmental cattle

作　　者：魏趁[1] 葛建军[2] 张梦华[1] 张晓雪[1] 刘丽元[1] 王丹[1] 张春红[2] 马新兵[2] 黄锡霞[1] 马光辉[2] WEI Chen GE Jianjun ZHANG Menghua ZHANG Xiaoxue LIU Liyuan WANG Dan ZHANG Chunhong MA Xinbing HUANG Xixia MA Guanghui(College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China Xinjiang Hutubi Herd Farm, Changji831100, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆呼图壁种牛场,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2017年第6期91-99,共9页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目(201230116-7);新疆呼图壁种牛场奶牛生物育种能力建设及乳肉兼用型奶牛产业化项目;“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD12B09);现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-37);新疆农业大学产学研联合培养研究生示范基地项目(xjaucxy-yjs-20151015)

摘　　要：为探讨非遗传因素对西门塔尔母牛主要经济性状的影响规律,利用新疆呼图壁种牛场1989—2014年间共1 492头西门塔尔牛的生产性能记录,分析了不同胎次、产犊年份、产犊季节、产犊年龄对西门塔尔牛305d产奶量、体高、硬长、软长、胸围、腹围、尻宽、尻长、腿围、管围、体重和外貌评分的影响,并进行了最小二乘分析。结果表明:不同胎次、产犊年份、产犊年龄对西门塔尔牛305d产奶量、体高、硬长、软长、胸围、腹围、尻宽、尻长、腿围、管围、体重和外貌评分有极显著的影响(P<0.01);不同产犊季节对西门塔尔牛305d产奶量、体高、胸围、尻宽、尻长、腿围、管围、体重和外貌评分有极显著的影响(P<0.01),对硬长、软长、腹围没有显著的影响(P>0.05)。In order to investigate the influence of non-genetic factors on main economic traits of Simmental cattle,the production performance record of Xinjiang Hutubi cattle farm from 1989 to 2014 years were adopted,a total of 1492 Simmental cattle,effects of the factors including parity differences,calving years,calving seasons,age of calving on the main economic traits,e.g.305 days of milk yield,body height,body length （hard）,body length （soft）,chest girth,circumference of abdomen,rump width,rump length,leg circumference,cannon circumference,body weight and type classification of Simmental cattle were analyzed by least square analysis.The results showed that：different parity,calving year and age of calving had a significant effect on the main economic traits in Simmental cattle （P〉0.05）.While different calving seasons had a significant effect on the 305 days of milk yield,body height,chest girth,rump width,rump length,leg circumference,cannon circumference,body weight and type classification （P〈0.01）,it had no significant effect on body length（hard）,body length（soft）,circumference of abdomen （P〉0.05）.This study provided a theoretical basis for Simmental cattle breeding value estimation and breeding objectives program.

关 键 词：西门塔尔牛 305天产奶量 体尺 体重 外貌评分 

分 类 号：S823.94[农业科学—畜牧学]