思维模式视角下的“李约瑟难题”探析  

Research on Joseph Needham's Problem from the Perspective of Thinking Mode

作　　者：闫坤如[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学科学技术哲学研究中心

出　　处：《创新》2017年第4期35-42,共8页Innovation

基　　金：华南理工大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目"技术风险的伦理评估与社会治理研究"(ZDPY10)

摘　　要：中国古代科技繁荣,为什么近代中国科技发展却远远落后于西方,这就是科技史上有名的"李约瑟难题"。不同于专家学者多从经济、政治、文化、地域等多维视角关注和研究"李约瑟难题",文章转换角度,尝试从思维模式视角探讨"李约瑟难题"出现的原因。中国传统的思维模式重演绎、轻归纳,重实用、轻理论,重伦理、轻真理等工匠传统的思维模式导致中国近代科技发展衰退和落后。要想促进当代中国科技的发展,必须要重视理论研究、重视演绎推理和数学的方法论的作用,探索事物背后的因果关系。In ancient China, there was a boom in science and technology. However, the development of science and technology in modern China lags far behind that of the West. This is known as the ＂Joseph Needham Problem＂ in the history of science and technology. Scholars from the economic, political, cultural, geographical and other multi -dimensional perspective focus on and study the ＂Joseph Needham Problem＂. We attempt to discuss the reason for the emergence of the problem from the perspective of thinking mode. Traditional Chinese thinking mode paid more attention to deduction, less attention to induction; more practice, less theory; more ethics, less truth. This kind of technician tradition leads China＇s science and technology to recession and backwardness. In order to boost China＇s modern science and technology, we must pay attention to theoretical research, attach importance to the role of deductive reasoning and mathematical methodology, and explore the causality behind the things.

关 键 词：李约瑟难题 学者传统 工匠传统 巴斯德象限 

分 类 号：B804[哲学宗教—思维科学]