欧盟科技合作困境:利益分歧与机制缺陷——以“伽利略计划”为例  

Science and Technology Cooperation in the EU:Interest Divergences and Systematic Deficiencies-A Case Study of the Galileo Project

作　　者：郑华[1] 张成新[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院国际关系系 [2]上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院

出　　处：《欧洲研究》2017年第3期93-106,共14页Chinese Journal of European Studies

基　　金：上海交通大学城市治理研究院专项课题的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：在科技革命迅猛发展的今天,科技进步已经成为国家和地区间综合实力增长的主动力。太空产业因其拥有的重要战略价值越来越受到各国和各地区的重视。在欧盟推进一体化的进程中,科技合作一直是重点,而"伽利略计划"则是欧盟科技合作的旗舰项目。"伽利略计划"如果实施成功,不仅能进一步增强欧盟的科技和经济优势,而且将提高欧盟在政治乃至军事上的独立性,从而提升欧盟的国际影响力。但在实际推进过程中,欧盟始终面临成员国分歧严重、项目管理困难以及国际谈判艰难等问题,使"伽利略计划"屡次延期并严重超出预算。"伽利略计划"推进的困难,凸显出欧盟在科技合作领域遭遇的困境。In today’s world with the rapid development of scientific innovations,science and technology has become the principal driving force in enhancing the comprehensive strength of a nation or of a region.Space industry has increasingly attracted attention from the international actors as one of the key indicators to evaluate the strategic assets of a state or of a region.During the integration process,science and technology cooperation is always taken as one of the priority policy areas,by which the EU intends to promote agreement and unity.As a'flagship'project,if implemented successfully,the Galileo Project would not only enhance the scientific and economic advantages of the EU,but also its political and military independence and international influences.But in the implementation process,the Project has encountered a series of problems,including interest divergences among the member countries,systematic deficiencies within the EU and fierce competition from the other international actors,which have led to repeated delays and serious budget overdraft.All of these difficulties the Galileo Project has experienced have highlighted the dilemma the EU is facing in advancing science and technology cooperation.

关 键 词：欧盟 科技合作 “伽利略计划” 利益分歧 机制缺陷 

分 类 号：D814.1[政治法律—国际关系]