我国GPS反演大气可降水量的时空变化  

Analysis on Spatial and Temporal Variations of Atmospheric Precipitable Water Vapor Inversed by GPS

作　　者：段晓梅[1,2] 曹云昌[2] 

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学电子工程学院,四川成都610225 [2]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081

出　　处：《气象与减灾研究》2017年第2期111-116,共6页Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research

基　　金：国家重大科技专项(编号:GFZX03030303)

摘　　要：基于地基GPS探测水汽的原理,利用2016年陆态网的站点数据,对北京十三陵、福建武夷山、内蒙古乌拉特后旗、黑龙江绥阳、新疆若羌和云南东川6个站点GPS反演大气可降水量(GPS/PWV)的时间变化以及在典型月(1、4、7、10月)的空间分布变化进行了分析。结果表明:GPS/PWV具有显著的季节分布规律,周期性较强,3—5月为GPS/PWV的快速上升阶段;6—8月达到最大,最大值约80 mm;9—11月为GPS/PWV快速下降阶段;12月—次年1月为全年的最低阶段,基本在30 mm以下。6个站点GPS/PWV的逐小时变化也具有一定的周期性,最大值出现在20时,最小值出现在06—08时。在典型月,水汽含量的空间分布主要集中在华中、华南、华东地区,其余地区变化幅度较小,并且随着纬度的增加而下降,随着经度的增加而上升。Based on the principle of ground GPS measurements for water vapor,the data from the six stations of terrestrial network,Beijing Ming Dynasty Tombs（BJSH）,Fujian Wuyishan（FJWY）,Inner Mongolia Wulatehouqi（NMWT）,Heilongjiang Suiyang（SUIY）,Xinjiang Ruoqiang（XJRQ）and Yunnan Dongchuan（YNDC）,were used to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of atmospheric precipitable water vapor（PWV）inversed by GPS in the typical months in 2016.The results showed that the PWV presented an obvious seasonal distribution,which increased rapidly from March to May,and reached the maximum value of 80 mm during June and August;while it decreased during September and November,with the minimum value of 30 mm in winter.The daily variations of the six sites exhibited a certain cycle,the maximum and minimum values appeared at about 20：00pm and 08：00am,respectively.The water vapor was mainly concentrated in central China,southern China and eastern China in the typical months,and small variations were recorded in the rest of the region.Moreover,PWV decreased with the increase of latitude and decrease of longitude in typical months.

关 键 词：GPS 可降水量 水汽探测 时空变化 

分 类 号：P41[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]