民法典编纂中的决议:法律属性、类型归属与立法评析  

Resolution in the Context of Civil Code: Legal Attribute,Typological Analysis and Legislative Comments

作　　者：瞿灵敏 

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《法学论坛》2017年第4期88-100,共13页Legal Forum

基　　金：山东大学青年团队项目"中国民法典编纂若干问题研究"(IFYT1506)的阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：决议作为团体自治的工具,是团体成员的意思表示根据多数决的意思表示吸收规则所形成的法律行为。从意思表示的内容、方向和合成方式为要素的意思表示构造规则出发,决议是与单方法律行为、契约、共同法律行为并列的独立法律行为类型。决议属于法律行为却又难以适用法律行为一般理论存在逻辑上的悖论。此一悖论皆因传统法律行为理论以个体法上典型的具体法律行为为原型构建法律行为的一般理论和既有法律行为理论只重视作为法律行为构成要素的意思表示而忽略意思表示之间的构造规则所致。《民法总则》将决议作为一种独立的法律行为纳入到法律行为章中,却将决议的撤销以分散立法的方式在法人部分等以单独规定。这体现了立法者将决议整合进法行为的意图不仅丰富了法律行为的类型,也开创了决议入典的新模式。As a tool of community autonomy, resolution is a kind of juristic act which consists of cooperators＇ declarations of intention based on majority rule. The declaration of wills consist of contents, directions and array mode of the declaration. This formation rule determines that resolution is parallel with unilateral act, contract and multilateral act. Resolution is a kind of juristic act, however, the general rules of juristic act is not applicable to resolution. There are two reasons for the paradox. Firstly, the crea- tion of the current general rules of juristic acts takes the typical juristic acts in personal law as prototype ; secondly, the current general rules of juristic acts focuses only on the declaration of wills, but overlooks the formation rule between different declaration of wills. In the General Rules of the Civil Law, resolution is regarded as a kind of independent juristic act and ordained in the Ju- ristic Acts, meanwhile, the revocation of the resolution is stipulated in the part of legal persons in a muhi-legislative model. This reflects the intention of the legislator to integrate the resolution into juristic acts. It not only enriches the type of juristic acts but also creates a new model of codification of the resolution.

关 键 词：法律行为 决议 私法自治 团体自治 意思表示构造规则 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]