城市供水管网脆弱性研究进展  

Review on the Progress of Urban Water Supply Network Vulnerability

作　　者：刘菁[1] 郭广翠 双晴[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学经济管理学院,北京100044

出　　处：《灾害学》2017年第3期131-136,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(71501008);北京交通大学人文社会科学专项基金项目(2015jbwj014);北京交通大学人才基金项目(2015RC002)

摘　　要：供水管网是城市基础设施系统的重要组成部分,是保障城市供水安全的关键所在。自然灾害频发使威胁情境下供水管网脆弱性成为研究领域的热点问题。在指出脆弱性的内涵及其与风险、可靠性的差异的基础上,给出了供水管网脆弱性的定义、分类及影响因素,重点回顾了城市供水管网脆弱性评价的五种方法,这五种方法涵盖了水力、水质脆弱性评估,数学工具与计算机模拟结合使用和供水管网脆弱性评价指标体系法、计算公式等,并对这五种评价方法的评价思路、优缺点和适用范围进行了对比分析。研究发现,供水管网脆弱性评价指标体系建立过程中有较强主观性、供水管网脆弱性研究尚无统一标准和规范,研究的有效性、定量化、标准化有待进一步加强。Water supply network, as an important part of urban infrastructure systems, is the key to guarantee urban water supply security. Natural disasters have made water supply network vulnerability under the threat situa- tion becomes a hot research field. On the basis of pointing out the vulnerability~ connotation, the differences among reliability, risk and it, give the water supply network vulnerability＇s definition, classification and influencing fac- tors, focus on reviewing the five methods of urban water supply pipe network vulnerability assessment, and this five methods cover hydraulic, water vulnerability assessment, mathematical tools and computer simulation used in con- junction with water supply pipe network vulnerability assessment index system method, calculation formulas, etc. , then compare this idea of the scope of the evaluation of the five kinds of evaluation methods, advantages, disadvan- tages and applicable. The study found that there is a strong subjective validity in the process of establishing water supply network vulnerability evaluation system, and water supply pipe network vulnerability studies have no univer- sal standards and norms, the effectiveness, quantitative and standardized of study needs to be further strengthened.

关 键 词：供水管网 脆弱性 评价方法 综述 

分 类 号：X915.5[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X5