氮肥对春玉米‘中单509’叶片生理特性及产量的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Physiological Characteristics of Leaves and Yield in Spring Maize ‘Zhongdan509'

作　　者：曹高燚 杜锦[1] 苏东伟[1] 牛巧龙 田秀平[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津农学院农学与资源环境学院,天津300384

出　　处：《天津农学院学报》2017年第2期1-4,共4页Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目"华北主要作物秸秆饲用技术及优质化生产技术集成与示范"(201503134);天津市高等学校创新团队计划"作物品质及抗逆性的遗传改良"(TD12-5017);天津市科技攻关计划项目"饲用高油玉米相关性状的遗传研究及新品种选育"(06YFGZNC01200);天津农学院科技发展基金项目"玉米耐冷相关基因的功能分析"(2014N04)

摘　　要：为研究玉米不同生育期叶片光合特性在不同施氮水平下的差异及其与产量间的关系,阐述光合特性的变化规律,探讨玉米高产节肥的适宜施氮量。本研究采用春玉米‘中单509’,在5个施氮水平下,测定不同生育期叶片的光合速率、叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量和产量。结果表明,不同施氮水平下,玉米叶片光合速率和叶绿素含量均在开花期达最大值;玉米叶片光合速率、叶绿素含量及产量等均以施氮量为135.00 kg/hm^2时达最高;大喇叭口期和灌浆期施纯氮量在135.00 kg/hm^2时,叶片可溶性糖含量达到最高;通过试验建立了施氮量与产量之间的回归方程。不同施氮量对玉米叶片光合速率、叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量和产量有显著的影响,施用适量的氮肥有利于玉米叶片光合作用和产量的提高。For expounding photosynthetic characteristics and yield traits associated with nitrogenous fertilizers supplement and optimization of nitrogenous fertilizers suitable amount for high efficient maize production and clarifying the variation of photosynthetic rate, we monitored the yield and physiological characteristics of leaves in each growth stage using five levels of nitrogenous fertilizers sets in a spring maize ＇Zhogndan509＇. The results showed that photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll content reached the maximum value on flowering time under different nitrogenous fertilizers treatment; Further, a level of 135.00 kg/hm^2 for nitrogenous fertilizers could provide maximum for photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content and yield. Soluble sugar content could achieve a maximum at large bell period and filling stage of maize in the dose of 135.00 kg/hm^2 simultaneously. This research established a correlation equation between nitrogenous supplement and yield. The results showed that nitrogenous fertilizers supplement possess significant relationship with yield photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content and soluble sugar content. Our work provide theoretical and technical guidance for the efficiency of using nitrogenous and high yield production of ＇Zhongdan509＇ in Tianiin.

关 键 词：玉米 氮肥 光合速率 叶绿素含量 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]