2013-2015年石家庄市臭氧时空分布特征及与居民每日呼吸系统疾病急救的关系  

Analysis on the spatial and temporal distribution of O_3 and it's effect on emergency dispatches in Shijiazhuang,2013-2015

作　　者：宋杰[1] 关茗洋 陈浪[1] 陈凤格[1] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄市疾病预防控制中心,河北050011

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2017年第8期859-862,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：石家庄市科学技术研究与发展指导计划(161460873);公益性(卫生)行业科研专项(201402022)

摘　　要：目的分析石家庄市臭氧(O_3)污染水平和时空分布特征,并探讨其对当地居民造成的呼吸系统疾病急救影响。方法收集2013-2015年石家庄市城区自动空气监测子站的O_3浓度数据,spearman方法分析石家庄市O_3浓度与其前体物NO_2、CO的相关性,探讨石家庄市城区O_3浓度的日变化特征、长期季节变化特征及其影响因素;利用广义相加时间序列模型分析O_3浓度对当地居民呼吸系统疾病急救量的急性影响。结果 O_3浓度在2013-2015年间没有明显差异,年均浓度为78.8μg/m3;年内月均浓度呈抛物线型分布,6月最高,1月最低;日内小时浓度呈单峰型分布,15:00~16:00浓度最高;NO_2、CO与O_3均呈显著的负相关,且空间上呈清洁对照点>郊区>市内生活区>高新工业区的分布特征。时间序列分析表明,大气O_3~8 h浓度每增加10μg/m3,当地居民因呼吸系统疾病急救的风险增加1.21%(95%CI:0.59%~1.83%)。结论石家庄市夏季存在一定程度的O_3污染,可能增加了当地居民呼吸系统疾病急救的风险。Objective To investigate the concentration,spatial and temporal distribution of O3 in Shijiazhuang City. And find the association between daily O3 concentrations and emergency dispatches due to respiratory diseases. Methods Several data including concentrations of O3 and its precursors（ NO2 and CO） from automatic air monitoring stations in urban area of Shijiazhuang were collected from 2013 to 2015. The correlations between O3 and its precursors were measured using spearman analysis. And the correlation between O3 and emergency dispatches due to respiratory diseases were analyzed by generalized additive model. Results There were no difference in those three years and the annual average O3 concentration was 78. 8 μg/m^3. Seasonal variations of O3 concentrations maintained highest in June while it was lowest in January. Ozone concentrations exhibited a single peak distribution,with the peak appeared around 15： 00 and 16： 00. Ozone and its precursors（ NO2 and CO） showed a negative correlation. Spatial variations concentrations of O3 were as follows： urban 〈suburbs〈 industrial area 〈scenic spot. Time series analysis showed that the emergency dispatches increased by 1. 21%（ 95% CI： 0. 59% ~ 1. 83%） for per 10 μg/m^3 increase in O3~ 8 h concentration. Conclusion There is a certain degree of O3 pollution in Shijiazhuang in summer,which might increase the risk of respiratory diseases.

关 键 词：臭氧 季节分布 空间分布 相关性 

分 类 号：R122.26[医药卫生—环境卫生学]