合法性与权威性:人大释法六大问题法理辨疑  

Legitimacy and Authority:the Six Jurisprudential Corrections and Explanations of NPC's Interpretation of the Basic Law

作　　者：杜磊 邹平学[2] 

机构地区：[1]全国人大常委会香港基本法委员会研究室,北京100805 [2]深圳大学港澳基本法研究中心,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《深圳大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2017年第4期25-30,共6页Journal of Shenzhen University：Humanities & Social Sciences

基　　金：2014年国家社科基金重大项目"港澳基本法实施的相关机制研究"(14ZDC031)

摘　　要：在香港《基本法》解释实践中,全国人大常委会对《基本法》的解释曾多次引起香港一些人士基于政治考量而提出的种种质疑。如果基于法治专业立场加以分析,可以发现,针对人大释法的种种质疑并不成立。从我国《宪法》、《基本法》的规定以及香港本地的司法判例可以有力地澄清有关质疑,得出一系列结论:人大释法是香港法治的组成部分,并不破坏香港法治;人大释法与香港的司法独立不是并行关系,也不是非此即彼的对立关系,人大释法不损害香港的司法独立;人大释法也不受香港司法权的限制;人大有权主动释法,这种主动性,不仅意味着解释主体行使权力的自主决断性,还意味着解释主体解释法律在条款范围和启动时间方面没有任何外在的限制;既往的人大释法实践并无所谓加料;人大释法符合法定程序和解释规则,不存在僭建问题,也没有代替香港立法。During the interpretation practice of the Hong Kong Basic Law, NPC＇s interpretation of the Basic Law has drawn questions from some Hong Kong people for political reasons. Analyzed jurisprudentially, those questions and allegations do not hold water. With the constitution, the provisions of Hong Kong Basic Law and the Hong Kong＇s judicial precedents, we can strongly refute those questions and draw the following conclusions： NPC＇s interpretation of the Basic Law is part of Hong Kong＇s legal framework, and thus will not undermine Hong Kong＇s legal framework; the relation between NPC＇s interpretation and Hong Kong＇s judicial independence is neither paralleled nor opposite to each other; NPC＇s interpretation of the Basic Law will not jeopardise Hong Kong＇s judicial independence; NPC＇s interpretation power is not restricted by Hong Kong＇s judicial power; NPC is entitled the power to interpret the Basic Law with proactivity, which shows that NPC makes independent interpretations of Hong Kong Basic Law and that NPC is not subject to external restrictions on provisions or the startup time; NPC＇ s previous interpretation of the Basic Law didn＇ t re-charge the law; NPC＇ s interpretation of the Basic Law conforms to legal procedures and interpretation rules, and has not constructed the law illegally or replaced Hong Kong＇s legislation.

关 键 词：香港《基本法》 人大释法 香港法治 司法独立 

分 类 号：D676.58[政治法律—政治学] D90[政治法律—中外政治制度]