高层建筑围护结构风压规范比较与工程应用  

Wind pressure regulation comparison and engineering application of high-rise building envelope structure

作　　者：张正维 杜平 Andrew Allsop 邹植 Zhang Zhengwei Alex To Andrew Allsop Zou Zhi(Arup, Shanghai 200031, China Ove Arup ＆ Partners International Limited, London, U. K.)

机构地区：[1]奥雅纳工程顾问,上海200031 [2]Ove Arup & Partners International Limited

出　　处：《建筑结构》2017年第14期94-99,共6页Building Structure

摘　　要：风荷载是高层建筑围护结构设计的主要控制荷载。中国《建筑结构荷载规范》(GB 50009—2012)给出了单体矩形截面高层建筑围护结构的设计风荷载,其中迎风面正压与分离区负压都随着建筑高度的增大而增大,这与近地面钝体结流的机理不符。通过与欧洲规范EN 1991-1-4、美国规范ASCE 7-10、澳大利亚/新西兰规范AS/NZS 1170.2∶2011、加拿大规范NBC 2005、日本规范AIJ 2004等主要国外规范进行比较,发现主要国外规范仅给出了极值负压的最大值,而没有给出极值负压的分布。接着基于某项目风洞试验与中国规范GB 50009—2012的比较,发现高层建筑极值负压最大值一般发生在建筑中下部区域,并指出当前工程上采用的中国规范GB 50009—2012与风洞试验包络设计方法是不经济的。最后基于奥雅纳多年的风工程应用经验,对幕墙结构风荷载取值给出了一些建议,并特别强调风洞试验报告只有经独立于风洞试验单位的风专家审核后才可用于实际工程设计。Wind load is the main controlling load of high-rise building envelope design. The design wind load on envelope structure of high-rise building with rectangular cross-section was given in China＇ s Load code for the design of building structures（ GB 50009—2012）,and the positive pressure of the windward side and the negative pressure of the separation area increase with the building height,which is inconsistent with the mechanism of near-surface atmospheric boundary layer separation. Compared with major international codes such as European Standard EN 1991-1-4,American Standard ASCE 7-10,Australian/New Zealand Code AS/NZS 1170. 2 ∶ 2011,Canadian Standard NBC 2005 and Japanese Standard AIJ2004,it is found the major international codes just provide the maximum value of the peak negative pressure while the distribution of peak negative pressure along height is not provided. Then based on the comparison of wind tunnel test reports and load codes calculation values,it is found that the zones of maximum value of peak negative pressure in high-rise buildings usually are in the middle and lower areas of buildings and it＇ s pointed out that it is uneconomical to adopt envelope design method of wind tunnel test and load code for the current engineering application. Finally,based on ARUP＇s application experience of wind engineering for years,some suggestions on high-rise building envelope design were given and it especially emphasized that the wind tunnel test report can be used in practical engineering design only if it was reviewed and confirmed by the independent wind experts who were not from the wind tunnel labs.

关 键 词：极值负压 峰值因子 幕墙风荷载 风洞试验报告 

分 类 号：TU973.14[建筑科学—结构工程] TU973.32