介电功能梯度材料在电气绝缘领域的研究进展  

Research Progress on Dielectric Functionally Graded Materials for Electrical Insulation

作　　者：张冠军[1] 李文栋[1] 刘哲[1] 苏国强[1] 宋佰鹏[1] 解瑞东[1] 邓军波[1] 

机构地区：[1]电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室(西安交通大学),陕西省西安市710049

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2017年第14期4232-4245,共14页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金(51521065);国家自然科学基金项目(51577150);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2015CB251003)~~

摘　　要：介电功能梯度材料(dielectric functionally graded materials,d-FGM)是一种具有空间非均匀介电参数分布的新型绝缘材料。在电气绝缘领域,d-FGM可通过调节材料介电常数或电导率的空间分布,实现电场分布的有效调控,进而显著提升绝缘结构的耐电强度。相对于传统绝缘设计中结构优化与材料改性相对分离的情况,d-FGM创新性地将两者有机结合起来,有望带来绝缘设计理念的变革。该文分析了d-FGM在电气绝缘领域的应用原理,综述了其研究进展,并进一步从d-FGM设计、制备、性能评价(包含介电特性无损检测、放电起始及发展物理机制探索)等方面,阐述了d-FGM研究中的关键科学问题及解决思路,以期对电气绝缘d-FGM的学术研究及工程应用起到指导和促进作用。Dielectric Functionally Graded Material （d-FGM） is a kind of novel dielectric materials with spatially inhomogeneous dielectric property distribution. It could be applied to effectively control the electric field distribution inside and along the insulator by adjusting the permittivity or conductivity distribution, and thus to remarkably improve the dielectric strength. Considering the divergence existing between structural optimization and material modification in conventional electrical insulation design, d-FGM combines them together innovatively and could bring conceptual improvement to insulation design. The application mechanism as well as the research progress of d-FGM in electrical insulation is reviewed. Further, key scientific problems and possible solutions are explained with respect to design, fabrication, non-destructive dielectric property measurement and physical mechanism of discharge initiation and development, which is expected to guide and promote academic study and industrial application of d-FGM in the insulation field.

关 键 词：功能梯度材料 固体绝缘 耐电强度 电场优化 三维打印 层析成像 放电特性 

分 类 号：TM854[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]