双季稻机插技术在江西的应用现状、存在问题及推广对策  

Application of Machine Transplanting in Double Cropping Rice in Jiangxi Province: Status Quo, Problems and Countermeasures

作　　者：吴青香 曾勇军[1] 程慧煌 成臣 石庆华[1] 潘晓华[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学双季稻现代化生产协同创新中心/作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室/江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,南昌330045

出　　处：《中国稻米》2017年第4期157-159,164,共4页China Rice

基　　金：国家公益性行业科研专项(201303102);江西省水稻产业技术体系专项(JXARS-02-03);江西省重点研发计划项目(20161ACF60013);江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCX2015001-004);江西省农业厅项目"双季稻机械化生产试验示范"

摘　　要：利用江西省双季稻区8个县24个乡镇的调查数据,对双季稻机插技术在江西的应用现状、存在问题进行了研究。结果表明,机插种植方式的成本低于其他种植方式、收益高于其他种植方式;机插种植方式的推广受到农户的年龄、文化程度、土地规模、资金等的影响,年龄越小、文化程度越高、土地经营规模越大的农户机插比例相对较高;限制机插技术推广的主要因素包括育秧技术复杂、购机及机插费用高、田块小和分散等;积极推进土地集约化进程、加强机插核心技术的培训指导力度、建立稳定的政策资金扶持机制、创新机插服务模式、积极宣传并做好示范区建设等是促进机插技术推广的重要举措。This paper analyzed the status and problems of application of machine transplanting technique in rice with the data collected from twenty four towns of eight counties in double cropping rice areas in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that machine transplanting had lower cost and higher income compared with the other planting methods. The planting methods were affected by farmers＇ age, education, land scale and funds and so on. In other words, the younger a farmer is, the better he or she is educated, the greater the scale of land management, the proportion of farmers using machine transplanting technology is relatively higher. Meanwhile, the promotion of mechine transplanting technology is restricted by the complex of seedling raising, high cost of the machine and transplanting, small and scattered paddy fields. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures were put forward.

关 键 词：双季稻 机插技术 江西 现状 对策 

分 类 号：S511.04[农业科学—作物学]