饲粮非纤维性碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维对黔北麻羊瘤胃发酵参数、血浆生化指标和养分消化率的影响  

Effects of Non-Fiber Carbohydrate to Neutral Detergent Fiber Ratio on Rumen Fermentation Parameters,Plasma Biochemical Indexes and Nutrient Digestibility of Qianbeima Goats

作　　者：赵鹏[1] 吴文旋[1,2] 吴佳海 朱伦琴 莘海亮[4] 袁鑫[1] 杨春红[1] 杨康[1] 孙伦[1] 韩娥[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学新农村发展研究院,贵阳550025 [3]贵州省草业研究所,贵阳550006 [4]黔东南民族职业技术学院,凯里556000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2017年第7期2565-2574,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31360563);贵州山区牧草产业化生产技术研究集成与应用(黔科合重大专项字[2014]6017号);贵州大学科技兴村人才培育基地建设项目;黔东南科合J字[2016]015号

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同饲粮非纤维性碳水化合物(NFC)/中性洗涤纤维(NDF)对黔北麻羊瘤胃发酵参数、血浆生化指标和养分消化率的影响。采用3×3拉丁方试验设计,选取6只健康成年黔北麻羊为试验动物,将其分为3组,每组2个重复,每个重复1只羊。试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组饲粮NFC/NDF分别为2.14∶1.00、1.05∶1.00、0.40∶1.00(实测值)。试验分3期,每期15 d,包括10 d预试期和5 d正试期。检测指标包括:饲粮养分消化率、瘤胃发酵参数(pH、缓冲力、氨态氮和挥发性脂肪酸浓度、纤维素酶活性)、血浆生化指标(脂多糖、白蛋白、尿素氮、葡萄糖含量及过氧化氢酶、谷草转氨酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性)。结果显示:1)3个试验组干物质采食量差异不显著(P>0.05),试验Ⅲ组各养分消化率均显著低于试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。2)试验Ⅰ组瘤胃液pH显著低于试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅲ组瘤胃液缓冲力显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05),纤维二糖酶活性、乙酸浓度显著低于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05),总挥发性脂肪酸、丁酸浓度显著低于另外2组(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组瘤胃液乙酸/丙酸依次升高、丙酸浓度依次下降,各组间差异显著(P<0.05);3组间瘤胃液羧甲基纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、微晶纤维素酶活性差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组血浆脂多糖含量依次显著下降(P<0.05),其余血浆生化指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。综合来看,过高NFC/NDF对黔北麻羊瘤胃发酵参数和血浆生化指标有不良影响,本试验条件下,饲粮NFC/NDF以1.05∶1.00为宜。The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of non-fiber carbohydrate to neutral detergent fiber ratio （NFC/NDF） on rumen fermentation parameters, plasma biochemical indexes and nutrient digestibility of Qianbeima goats. Six healthy adult Qianbeima goats were selected and allocated to 3 groups with 2 replicates per group and 1 goat per replicate using 3×3 Latin square design. Trial group Ⅰ, trial group Ⅱ, and trial group Ⅲ were fed diet with varying NFC/NDF at 2.14：1.00, 1.05：1.00 and 0.40：1.00 （measured values）, respectively. The trial lasted for 45 d consisted of 3 periods with 10 d of pre-trial period and 5 d trial period each. The detecting indexes were as follows： dietary nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation parameters （pH, buffer capacity, ammonia nitrogen and volatile fatty acid concentrations, and cellulose activity） and plasma biochemical indexes [the contents of lipopolysaccharide, albumin and urea nitrogen glucose, and the activities of hydrogen peroxidase, glutamic-oxal（o）acetic transaminase and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase]. The results showed as follows： 1） there was no significant difference for dry matter intake among 3 groups （P〉0.05）; trial group Ⅲ showed significantly lower nutrient digestibility compared with trial group Ⅰ and trial group Ⅱ （P〈0.05）. 2） Trial group Ⅰ resulted in significantly decreased rumen fluid pH over trial group Ⅱ and trial group Ⅲ （P〈0.05）; trial group Ⅲ significantly increased rumen buffer capacity compared with trial group Ⅰ （P〈0.05）, but significantly decreased cellobiase activity and acetic acid concentration compared with trial group Ⅰ（P〈0.05）, and also significantly decreased total volatile fatty acids and butyrate concentrations compared with the other two groups （P〈0.05）; trial group Ⅰ, trial group Ⅱ and and trial group Ⅲ resulted in gradually increased acetate to propionate ratio and gradually decreased propionate concentration

关 键 词：非纤维性碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维 瘤胃发酵参数 血浆生化指标 养分消化率 黔北麻羊 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]