连续流微生物燃料电池处理含重金属废水研究  

Continuous Flow of Microbial Fuel Cells for Metal Wastewater Treatment and Energy Recovery

作　　者：王鲁宁[1] 孙彩玉[1,2] 王佳瑜[1] 李永峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江建筑职业技术学院市政工程技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2017年第5期107-113,125,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(E201354);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2572014AB09)

摘　　要：该实验的研究对象为连续流双室微生物燃料电池,同时考察连续流微生物燃料电池的污水处理、发电和重金属离子(Cu^(2+)、Ni^(2+)、Cr^(6+)、Cd^(2+)电镀废水,500 mg/L)的处理回收效果并与传统单室微生物燃料电池进行对比。在厌氧环境下以微生物本身作为催化剂,利用人工配成的糖蜜废水作为阳极底物,不同有毒重金属离子溶液作为阴极底物。试验结果表明,在外电阻(1 000Ω)相同的情况下得到Crr^(6+)电镀废水作为阴极时的产电性能最佳,获得最大电压U=114.2 mV,功率密度P=35.648 8 mW/m^2,库伦效率CE=44.13%,同时得到最高金属离子去除率66%。相比之下Cu^(2+)阴极液组产电效果较差,电压稳定值不足0.01 V,功率密度P=6.059 m W/m^2与库伦效率CE=3.78%均为最低值。在阳极均实现了对模拟糖蜜废水的降解,处理效果最显著的是Cd~(^(2+))阴极液组,COD去除率达到78%。最后对MFC阴极还原产物进行了X射线衍射分析,得到Cu^(2+)还原产物包括Cu_2O与铜单质,Crr^(6+)主要被还原成Cr_2O_3,Cd^(2+)与Ni^(2+)主要生成单质状态。采用X射线衍射分析阴极电极还原物质,经计算机检索与国际标准PDF对照。得到4组不同阴极液中,Cu^(2+)被还原生成Cu_2O晶体与单质铜。Ni^(2+)被还原生成镍单质。而Cr^(6+)与Cd^(2+)阴极液组中分别出现Cr_2O_3与单质镉的晶体衍射峰。With continuous flow dual-chamber microbial fuel cell as the study object, continuous flow microbial fuel cell for sewage treatment,power generation and the effect of treatment and recovery of metal ions（Cu2＋,Ni2＋,Crr6＋,Cd2＋electroplating wastewater,500 mg/L）was investigated,in comparison with the traditional single-chamber microbial fuel cell.Under anaerobic microbial environment itself as a catalyst,artificial dubbed molasses wastewater was used as anolyte,and different toxic liquid metal ion solution as a cathode. The results showed that at the same outer resistance（1 000 Ω）,Cr6＋electroplating wastewater as the cathode has the best production of electrical properties,with the maximum voltage 114.2m V,power density 35.648 8 m W/m2,Coulomb efficiency 44.13%,and the highest metal ion removal 66%. In contrast Cu2＋cathode group is less effective in producing electricity,with voltage stability less than 0.01 V,power density 6.059 m W/m2 and Coulombic efficiency 3.78%. In the anode,the simulated molasses wastewater degradation were obtained,with Cd2＋cathode group as the most effective treatment,and COD removal rate up to 78%. X-ray diffraction analysis of the MFC cathode reduction product indicated that Cu2＋reduction products included Cu2O and copper,Crr6＋ was reduced to Cr2O3,Cd2＋and Ni2＋were mainly generated elemental. In this experiment,X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the reducing substances of the cathode electrode,the results were obtained by computer search and compared with international standard PDF. In the four different liquid cathodes,Cu2＋ was reduced to form Cu2O crystal and elemental copper. Ni2＋was reduced to form elemental Ni. Cr2O3 and elemental cadmium crystal diffraction peaks respectively appeared in Cr6＋and Cd2＋cathode solution group.

关 键 词：微生物燃料电池 有机废水 重金属离子 能源回收 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]