降雨地表径流水质模拟中SWMM模型水质参数确定  

Determination of Water Quality Parameters of SWMM Model for Water Quality Simulation of Rainfall-Runoff

作　　者：张静[1,2] 周玉文 刘春[2] 卢兴超[1] 王中正 赵树旗[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学建筑工程学院北京市水质科学与水环境恢复重点实验室,北京100124 [2]河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院河北省污染防治生物技术重点实验室,河北石家庄050018

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2017年第5期165-170,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染与控制治理科技重大专项(2013ZX07304-001-3)

摘　　要：检测城市不同功能区污染物累积和径流样本并结合模拟实验,分析不同污染物累积和冲刷规律,确定SWMM模型在降雨地表径流水质模拟中污染物累积和冲刷参数取值范围,并进行模型验证。研究结果表明,SS、COD、氨氮污染物累积量均随累积时间不断增加,并趋于稳定,其在不同功能区最大累积量C_1取值范围分别为:6.37~12.86、14.03~21.66和8.89~12.88 g/m^2,累积速率常数C_2取值范围分别为:0.055~0.100、0.061~0.085和0.133~0.167。降雨强度较大时,降雨地表径流中污染物浓度较高,但均随降雨历时不断下降,并趋于稳定。SS、COD、氨氮冲刷系数S_1取值范围分别为:0.003~0.005,0.025~0.035和0.01~0.02,冲刷指数S_2取值范围分别为:0.4~0.8,0.8~1.0和0.5~0.8。在确定的取值范围内选取SWMM模型水质参数,对某场降雨地表径流中SS、COD、氨氮污染物浓度变化过程进行模拟,模拟结果与实测数据基本吻合,表明水质参数取值范围适用于SWMM模型降雨地表径流水质模拟。The pollutant accumulation and runoff samples in different functional areas of the city were detected and the sim-ulation experiments were carried out,to analyze accumulation and scouring laws of different pollutants,and to determine and verify water quality parameters of SWMM model for water quality simulation of rainfall-runoff. The results showed that the accumulations of SS,COD and ammonia nitrogen increased with accumulation time,and reached some constants. The maximum accumulations（C1）of SS,COD and ammonia nitrogen were determined as 6.37-12.86 g/m2,14.03-21.66 g/m2 and 8.89-12.88 g/m2,respectively,while the accumulation rate constants（C2）of SS,COD and ammonia nitrogen were determined as 0.055-0.100,0.061-0.085 and 0.133-0.167,respectively. The pollutant concentrations in the runoff were higher in heavy rainfall intensity,but all decreased with rainfall duration,and reached some constants. The scouring coefficients（S1）of SS,COD,and ammonia nitrogen were determined as 0.003 -0.005,0.025-0.035 and 0.01-0.02,respectively,and the scouring indexes（S2）were determined as 0.4 -0.8,0.8 -1.0 and 0.5 -0.8,respectively. The parameters of C1,C2,S1 and S2 of SWMM model were selected in the determined ranges,to simulate concentration variations of SS,COD and ammonia nitrogen in a rainfall runoff.The simulation results were almost in agreement with the actual data,indicating that the determined value ranges of these parameters of SWMM model were applicable for water quality simulation of rainfall-runoff.

关 键 词：SWMM模型 水质参数 降雨地表径流 水质模拟 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]