近20年来秦岭地区土地利用/覆被变化的遥感分析  

Land Use and Land Cover Change in Qinling Region in Recent 20 Years Based on Remote Sensing Analysis

作　　者：赵志平[1] 关潇[1] 李果[1] 翟俊[2] 汉瑞英 李俊生[1] 吴晓莆[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]环境保护部卫星环境应用中心,北京100094

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2017年第5期187-193,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目:高寒草地综合利用关键技术及适应性管理研究与示范(2016YFC0501904)

摘　　要：该文利用美国陆地卫星Landsat 1990、2000和2010年3期TM遥感图像,结合野外调查和人机交互的解译方法生成秦岭地区1990、2000和2010年3期土地利用/覆被数据,揭示近20年来秦岭地区土地利用/覆被变化的趋势及其驱动因子。结果表明,秦岭地区土地利用/覆被主要类型为落叶阔叶林,其次为耕地,针叶林、针阔混交林、灌丛、水体湿地和居民地与建设用地面积较小。1990-2000年该区土地利用/覆被变化主要为落叶阔叶林转变为耕地、水体湿地转变为耕地和落叶阔叶林,2000-2010年该区土地利用/覆被变化主要为耕地转变为落叶阔叶林、水体湿地和居民地与建设用地。1990-2000年秦岭地区覆被状况总体变差,共有15个县覆被状况变好,28个县覆被状况变差。2000-2010年秦岭地区覆被状况总体变好,共有36个县覆被状况变好,7个县覆被状况变差。围绕耕地的人类活动是该区土地利用/覆被变化的主导因子,温度和降水量变化也是该区土地利用/覆被和植被覆盖状况变化的驱动因子。Combined with field investigation and man-computer interactive interpretation methods,Landsat TM remote sensing images of 1990,2000,2010 were used to obtain the land use and land cover maps. The driving forces of land use and land cover change were analyzed to reveal the trend of land use and land cover change in Qinling Region during last 20 years. The result showed that the main land cover type was broadleaved deciduous forest,followed by the cultivated land.The areas of coniferous forest,mixed needle,bush,water body and wetland,residents land and construction land were small. From 1990 to 2000,the main types of land cover change were broadleaved deciduous forest to cultivated land,water body and wetland to cultivated land and broadleaved deciduous forest. From 2000 to 2010,the main types of land cover change were cultivated land to broadleaved deciduous forest,water body and wetland,and residents land and construction land. During prophase,the land cover condition of Qinling deteriorated in general,and there were 15 counties ameliorated,28 deteriorated. During anaphase,the land cover condition of Qinling ameliorated generally,and there were 36 counties ameliorated,7 counties deteriorated. Therefore,focusing on the cultivated land,it was concluded that human activity is the dominant factor of land use and land cover change. Temperature and precipitation change were also the driving forces for land use and land cover change and vegetation coverage change.

关 键 词：土地利用/覆被 转类矩阵 覆被状况指数 秦岭地区 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P94[天文地球—自然地理学]