烧结溶解法制备多孔铝材料的工艺特性研究  

Research on the process characteristics of porous aluminum materials prepared by sintering dissolution method

作　　者：马运柱[1] 史政[1] 刘文胜[1] 刘超[1] 刘阳[1] 龙路平[1] 杨玉玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学粉末冶金国家重点实验室,长沙410083

出　　处：《粉末冶金技术》2017年第3期216-222,238,共8页Powder Metallurgy Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(61xxxxx02);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2016zzts031)

摘　　要：以纯Al粉、纯Mg粉和水溶性造孔剂为原料,利用烧结溶解法制备多孔铝材料,通过真空烧结和热压烧结两种方式,研究烧结工艺和Mg的添加对多孔铝烧结致密化及其孔结构的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)和X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffractometer,XRD)等设备分析多孔铝的显微组织和相成分,利用万能力学试验机和显微硬度仪等仪器检测多孔铝的压缩强度和显微硬度。结果表明:升高烧结温度和延长烧结时间均有利于多孔铝骨架的致密;随烧结温度的升高,孔隙边缘由尖锐逐渐变得圆滑;Mg的添加可破除Al颗粒表面氧化膜,并生成MgAl_2O_4尖晶石,促进烧结致密化和孔结构收缩,进而提升多孔铝的力学性能。Based on the sintering-dissolution technique, the porous aluminum was prepared by vacuum sintering and hot pressed sintering, respectively, using aluminum, magnesium, and water soluble granule as the raw material in this paper. The influences of sintering process and magnesium addition on the relative density and porous microstructure of porous aluminum were investigated. The microstructures and phase compositions of porous aluminum were studied by scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The compressive strength and micro hardness were detected and calculated by universal material experiment machine and Vickers hardness instrument. The results show that, the porous aluminum skeleton presents a higher density with the increase of sintering temperature and time, and the pore edges gradually become smoother while the sintering temperature rises. The addition of magnesium can deoxidize Al2O3 film barrier covered on the aluminum particle surface. At the same time, the magnesium addition can produce MgAl2O4 spinel, promote sintering densification and shrinking pore structure, and lead to the mechanical performance enhancement of porous aluminum.

关 键 词：粉末冶金 多孔铝 烧结工艺 镁颗粒 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]