方斑东风螺“脱壳病”病原及病理初步研究  

Pathogen and Pathology of Shell and Flesh Separating Disease in Ivory Shell,Babylonia areolata

作　　者：狄桂兰[1] 张朝霞[2] 孔祥会[1] 虞晋晋[2] 陈海阳[2] 柯才焕[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学水产学院,河南新乡453007 [2]厦门大学海洋与地球学院福建省海洋生物资源开发利用协同创新中心,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《水产科学》2017年第4期411-420,共10页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31640085);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目(CARS-48);河南省科技厅基础与前沿技术研究项目(152300410206)

摘　　要：为明晰方斑东风螺"脱壳病"的病原或病理,对东风螺"脱壳病"进行了病原分离纯化、病原菌形态观察、组织病理观察、人工感染试验,并对病原菌16S rDNA序列进行PCR扩增和测序,以及系统发育树分析。试验中分离纯化了3种纯菌W、B、Y。致病菌W杆状,端生单鞭毛。致病菌Y杆状,两端略尖,周生菌毛。致病菌B短杆状,无鞭毛。结果显示,患病个体和人工感染个体的腹足及连壳肌肉组织均出现明显病变,肌纤维受损,出现空腔,并存在细菌;肝胰腺组织无明显病变,但血细胞显著减少。腹足肌注射人工感染试验结果表明,致病菌W在3种细菌中毒力最强。混合菌感染的毒力在混合比例接近原始比例时达到最大。致病菌B与报道的鲍希瓦氏菌相似度为99%;致病菌Y与报道的哈维弧菌相似度为98%;致病菌W与报道的变形假单胞菌相似度为99%。推测致病菌W、B、Y可能是此次方斑东风螺脱壳病的重要病原菌。The pathogens in shell and flesh separating disease in Fujian were isolated and purified from ivory shell Babylonia areolata,and artificially infected,whose sequences were analized by 16 SrDNA,and whose histopathology was observed.Three dominant bacterial strains（B,W and Y）were isolated from the proboscis,muscle and hepatopancreas of moribund ivory shell collected from a farm in Jinjiang,Fujian by aseptic methods,physiological and biochemical methods combined with molecular biology methods to classify and identify the pathogen.The results showed that the organs of ivory shell including foot muscle,connecting shells muscle,digestive gland,and hepatopancreas were severely damaged and a series of serious lesions were caused,with muscle fibers arranged disorderly,hollow myofibers,and blood cell decrease in hepatopancreas and connective tissue.The bacterial pathogen B was postulated to be Shewanella haliotis,the bacterial pathogen Y was postulated to be Vibrio harveyi,and the bacterial pathogen W was postulated to be Pseudomonas plecoglossicida.It was shown that the bacterial pathogen W has strong toxiferous to ivory shell,and the maximum toxicity in mixed bacteria when the proportion of the mixed bacteria was close to the original proportion.In summary,the findings provide the theoretical basis and guide in preventing and controlling of the shell and flesh separating disease in ivory shell.

关 键 词：方斑东风螺 脱壳病 16S RDNA序列分析 病原 组织病理 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]